Alginate albumin

Martine Z, Iglesias I, Lozanob R, Teijon J, Blanco M. (2011). nthesis and characterization of thiolated alginate-albumin nanoparticles stabilized by disulfide bonds. Evaluation as drug delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym, 83,1311-1321. 

Polymeric nanoparticles are nanoparticles, which are prepared from polymers. Polymeric nanoparticles forms (1) the micronization of a material into nanoparticles and (2) the stabilization of the resultant nanoparticles [8]. As for the micronization, one can start with either small monomers or a bulk polymer. The dmg is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to a nanoparticles and one can obtain different nanoparticles, nanospheres or nanocapsules according to methods of preparation [9]. Gums, Gelatin Sodium alginate Albumin are used for polymer based drag delivery. Polymeric nanoparticles are prepared by Cellulosics, Poly(2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate), Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone), Poly(vinyl alcohol), Poly(methyl methacrylate), Poly(acrylic acid). Polyacrylamide, Poly(ethylene-co-vi-nyl acetate) like polymeric materials. Polymer used in drag delivery must have following qualities like it should be chemically inert, non-toxic and free of leachable impurities [10]. 

Microspheres were prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan and alginate by emulsion phase separation. The encapsulated bovine serum albumin was... 

Besides the previously mentioned collagen, a wide variety of natural polymers have been involved in the synthesis of bio-nanohybrid materials with potential application in bone repair and dental prostheses. For instance, some recent examples refer to bionanocomposites based on the combination of HAP with alginate [96,97], chitosan [98,99], bovine serum albumin (BSA) [100], sodium caseinate [101], hyaluronic acid [102], silk fibroin [103,104], silk sericin [105], or polylactic add (PLA) [106,107]. These examples illustrate the increasing interest in the subject of HAP-based biohybrid materials, which has led to almost 400 articles appeared in scientific journals in 2006 alone. 

Zhang, F., Guo, J., Peng, X., Fi, Y. (2004) Preparation and release behaviour of carboxy-methylated chitosan/alginate microspheres encapsulating bovine serum albumin. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 92, 878-882. 

In addition to the above, there are emulsion and suspension stabilizers that act as protective colloids and in some cases as thickeners gums (such as acacia and traga canth), alginates, starch and starch derivatives, casein, glue, egg albumin, methyl cellulose, hydrated Mg and Al silicates, etc Refs Same as in previous item... 

Experiments were performed using capsules with membranes made of covalently linked human serum albumin (HSA) and alginate [7, 8], Details are given in [4], Figure 2 shows the evolution of a capsule after removal at time I, 0 from a solution of NaCl at 11 g/1 and immersion in a solution at 3.5 g/1. The experimental results fit well to a single exponential, leading to an estimate for D [3],... 

Edwards-Levy, F. and Levy, M.-C. (1999) Serum albumin-alginate coated beads mechanical properties and stability. Biomaterials 20, 2069-2084... 

The adsorption of albumin from aqueous solution onto copper and nickel films and the adsorption of B-lactoglobulin, gum arabic, and alginic acid onto germanium were studied. Thin metallic films (3-4 nm) were deposited onto germanium internal reflection elements by physical vapor deposition. Transmission electron microscopy studies indicated that the deposits were full density. Substrate temperature strongly Influenced the surface structure of the metal deposits. Protein and/or polysaccharide were adsorbed onto the solid substrates from flowing... 

Bovine serum albumin (BSA), fraction V, B-lactoglobulin, gum arabic, and alginic acid, low viscosity, were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). The proteins were used without further purification. Aqueous solutions of gum arabic and alginic acid were filtered successively through cellulosic membrane filters of 5.0 fan and 0.45 fan pore size to remove insoluble particulate matter. The filtrate was frozen and lyophilized prior to use. 

In conclusion, coacervates have been formed using food proteins, at pH values feasible for some food systems. We have attempted to induce interactions between coacervate pseudocells by several means, but other alternatives must be developed. Ways of stabilizing the coacervate pseudocells must also be explored, so that more complex structures may be more conveniently built. Several possibilities exist. One is to incorporate egg albumin into the coacervate structure and thermally stabilize the coacervates. Another possibility is that alginate may be incorporated into the coacervate with subsequent stabilization of the pseudocells with Ca++. It may be possible to form a coacervate with alginate and a protein such as asi-casein, and to treat the coacervate with Ca" "" " to increase its stability. A third possibility is to try to form a phospholipid membrane around pre-... 

The advantage of complex coacervates is that high payloads can be obtained. Chitosan/alginate coacervates have been reported to encapsulate up to 87% shark liver oil, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids (Peniche et al. 2004). Microspheres of carboxymethyl chitosan/alginate hardened with calcium chloride have been used for encapsulation of up to 80% bovine serum albumin (Zhang et al. 2004). 

Zhang L., Guo J., Peng X., and Jin, Y. (2004). Preparation and release behavior of earboxy-methylated chitosan/alginate mierospheres eneapsulating bovine serum albumin. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 92, 878-882. 

Neiser, S., Draget, K. I., and Smidsrod, O. 1998. Gel formation in heat treated bovine serum albumin-sodium alginate systems. Food Hydrocolloids 12 127-132. 

Several other biodegradable, biocompatible, injectable polymers are being investigated for drug delivery systems. They include polyvinyl alcohol, block copolymer of PLA-PEG, polycyanoacrylate, polyanhydrides, cellulose, alginate, collagen, gelatin, albumin, starches, dextrans, hyaluronic acid and its derivatives, and hydroxyapatite. ... 

---