Aldehydes with other functional groups

Aldehydes or Ketones with Other Functional Groups Aldehydes, Ketones with Other Functional Groups Kepone Chlordecone Aliphatic Flydrocarbons Aliphatic Nitriles and Cyanates Acetonitrile Acrylonitrile Aliphatic Nitriles Aliphatic Nitrosamines Aliphatic Nitrosamines A-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)... 

ALDEHYDES OR KETONES WITH OTHER FUNCTIONAL GROUPS... 

Aldehydes, Ketones with Other Functional Groups... 

Aldehydes, Ketones with Other Functional Groups under Aldehydes or Ketones with Other Functional Groups... 

Tebbe s reagent, Cp2TiCH2Al(CH3)2Cl, converts carbonyl compounds to methy-lenes. This reagent when applied to ot,j6-unsturated aldehydes and ketones generates dienes (equation 106). Synthetic utility of the reagent for generation of dienes and polyenes is limited because of the difficulty in the preparation and incompatibility with other functional groups such as esters etc. 

Polyacetals with other functional groups are prepared by the reaction of substituted polyols or aldehydes with each other as show in Eq. (24). 

Khomyakova et al. reported the synthesis of 2 -modified uridine oligoribonucleotides containing 1, 2-diol group (96) by phosphoramidite approach. The 1,2-diol was converted by a post-synthetic periodate oxidation to an aldehyde group which can react with other functional groups. These oligomers were studied for their applications in the affinity modification of RNA recognizing proteins. 

Miscellaneous Curing Reactions. Other functional groups can react with the thiol terminal groups of the polysulfides to cross-link the polymer chains and build molecular weight. For example, aldehydes can form thioacetals and water. Organic and inorganic acids or esters can form thioesters. Active dienes such as diacrylates can add to the thiols (3). Examples of these have been mentioned in the Hterature, but none have achieved... 

Although the nitro group plays a crucial role in most of these SrnI reactions, reactions of this type have synthetic application beyond the area of nitro compounds. The nitromethyl groups can be converted to other functional groups, including aldehydes and carboxylic acids.Nitro groups at tertiary positions can be reductively removed by reaction with the methanethiol anion.This reaction also appears to be of the electron-transfer type, with the methanethiolate anion acting as the electron donor ... 

A number of other reagents have been used to cleave C=N bonds, especially those not easily hydrolyzable with acidic or basic catalysts or which contain other functional groups that are attacked under these conditions. In particular, oximes have been converted to the corresponding aldehyde or ketone by treatment with, among other reagents, microwave irradiation on clay (Clayan), on wet sodium periodate... 

In contrast to MDA and hydroxynonenai, other aldehyde products of lipid peroxidation are hydrophobic and remain closely associated with LDL to accumulate to mil-limolar concentrations. Aldehydes at these elevated levels react with the protein portion of the LDL molecule, apolipoprotein B (apoB). Accumulated aldehydes bind the free amino groups from lysine residues in addition to other functional groups (-OH, -SH) on the apoB polypeptide. Consequently, the protein takes on a net negative charge and complete structural rearrangement results in the formation of ox-LDL. ox-LDL is no longer recognized by the LDL receptor, and has several pro-inflammatory properties (discussed below). 

Coupling of vinyl iodides with aldehydes (12, 137). Further study1 of this 1,2-addition of alkenylchromium compounds to aldehydes to form allylic alcohols indicates that the reaction is applicable to a-alkoxy and a,(i-bisalkoxy aldehydes by use of a solvent other than DMF, which can promote elimination to an enal. A wide number of other functional groups can also be accommodated. Both vinyl iodides and p-iodo enones can be used as precursors to the alkenylchromium reagent. The reaction is only modestly diastereoselective, but the stereochemistry of a disubstituted vinyl iodide is retained. 

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