ALCOA

Manufacturers of alumina trihydtate include Solem Industries, Aluchem, Alcoa, Custom Grinding Sales, R. J. Marshall, Georgia Marble, and Hitax. 

The principal producers of aluminum trifluoride in North America are Alcan, Alcoa, and AUiedSignal. It is also produced in other countries, eg, France, Mexico, Norway, Italy, Tunisia, and Japan. Total worldwide production of aluminum trifluoride in 1990 was 400,000 metric tons and the price was 1100/t. In 1993, because of excess recovery of fluorine values, use of energy efficient smelters, and the worldwide economic climate, the price was down to 750/t. 

Canada, the United States, and South America are the principal exporters of cryoHte and Russia and Europe import cryoHte. Primary producers in North America are Alcan, Alcoa, and Reynolds Aluminum. The 1993 price of recovered-grade cryoHte, which has as impurity, was 400/t, and of... 

K. Wefers and C. Misra, Oxides and Hydroxides ofMluminum, Mlcoa Technical Paper No. 19, revised, Alcoa Laboratories, Alcoa Division, Aluminum... 

Both the Toth and Alcoa processes provide aluminum chloride for subsequent reduction to aluminum. Pilot-plant tests of these processes have shown difficulties exist in producing aluminum chloride of the purity needed. In the Toth process for the production of aluminum chloride, kaolin [1332-58-7] clay is used as the source of alumina (5). The clay is mixed with sulfur and carbon, and the mixture is ground together, pelletized, and calcined at 700°C. The calcined mixture is chlorinated at 800°C and gaseous aluminum chloride is evolved. The clay used contains considerable amounts of silica, titania, and iron oxides, which chlorinate and must be separated. Silicon tetrachloride and titanium tetrachloride are separated by distillation. Resublimation of aluminum chloride is requited to reduce contamination from iron chloride. 

Shaped products used for adsorbent purposes are generally less sophisticated and therefore less expensive than catalytic products. In 1985, it was reported that 10,000 t/yr of activated alumina adsorbents were produced in the United States. North American producers of Bayer process-based activated aluminas include Alcoa, La Roche (formerly Kaiser Chemicals), Discovery, and Alcan. Gel-based activated aluminas are produced by La Roche, Vista, and several of the major catalyst manufacturers. In Europe, principal sources of supply are Rhc ne-Poulenc and Condea. 

S-100 Activated Alumina for Claus Catalysis, Case Histories, Alcoa Chemicals Division, Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1985. 

F-200 ActivatedMlumina forMdsorption Applications, Product Data, Alcoa Chemicals Division, Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1985. R. D. Woosley, "Activated Alumina Desiccants," in L. D. Hart, ed.. Alumina Chemicals Science and Technology Handbook, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, Ohio, 1990. 

Alumina Product Data Bulletins L o. CHE920, CHE 922, Alcoa, Bauxite, Arkansas Alcoa Chemie, Lausanne, Switzerland Alcan Chemicals, Qeveland, Ohio Kaiser Chemicals, Cleveland, Ohio Malakoff Industries (Reynolds), Malakoff, Texas Baikowski, Charlotte, North Carolina Criceram (Pechiney), Cedex, Prance Union Carbide Specialty Powders, IndianapoHs, Indiana Sumitomo Aluminum Smelting, Tokyo, Japan Showa Alumina Industries SAL, Tokyo, Japan VAW Aluminum, Germany Martinswerke, Germany Pechiney, Prance Arco Specialty Chemicals, Newton Square, Pennsylvania. 

E. H. Spuhler and C. L. h>ur.. on,MvoidingStress Corrosion Cracking in High StrengthMluminumMlloy Structures, ALCOA Green Letter, Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburg, Pa., Apr. 1970. 

Alcoa Alumina Handbook R. B. Bind and co-workers. Transport Thenomena,)oEn NrA. y Sons, Inc., New York, 1965. 

Figure 8.1 Effect of pH on corrosion of 1100-H14 alloy (aluminum) by various chemical solutions. Observe the minimal corrosion in the pH range of 4-9. The low corrosion rates in acetic acid, nitric acid, and ammonium hydroxide demonstrate that the nature of the individual ions in solution is more important than the degree of acidity or alkalinity. (Courtesy of Alcoa Laboratories from Aluminum Properties and Physical Metallurgy, ed. John E. Hatch, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio, 1984, Figure 19, page 295.)...

Web site www.alumina.alcoa.com Parent Company Alcoa, Inc. (USA)... 

Vz grams of the residue were dissolved in 10 ml of benzene, and the solution was passed over a chromatographic adsorption column containing 50 grams of alumina (Alcoa activated alumina. Grade F-20) which had previousiy been shaken for about 20 minutes with a mixture of 100 ml of benzene containing 1.5 ml of 10% acetic acid. 

Process Industries Applications of Alcoa Aluminium, Alcoa, Pittsburgh, U.S.A. 

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