Aesthetics scratch

Decorative. Titanium nitride has a golden color and is used extensively to coat steel and cemented carbide substrates for watch cases, watch bands, eyeglass frames, etc. It provides exceUent scratch resistance as weU as the desired aesthetic appearance, and it replaces gold coatings used previously. 

Pseudomorphism has less desirable consequences, and usually means are sought to suppress it. If the substrate has been scratched, ground or abrasively polished, or if it has been cold rolled or cold formed, the surface is left in a peculiar state. Cold working reduces the surface grain size, and produces deformed, shattered and partly reoriented metal. It may produce microcrevices between the deformed grains, and, with some processes, non-metallic impurities and oxides are embedded in the surface. The disturbed state of the substrate is copied by a pseudomorphic electrodeposit with several consequences (Fig. 12.7). One is aesthetic it has often been noted that almost invisible abrasion of the substrate develops as more prominent... 

Business or office appliances PCs and other computers, printers, photocopiers, shredders.. . Aesthetics Mar and scratch resistance Heat resistance Electrical insulation Durability Ease of cleaning Cost... 

For all of the pleasure, i.e., beauty - derived from creating new interlocked architectures, we have only scratched at the surface of what is possible. Many of the molecules shown in this section were already framed in the context of beauty (Borromean Rings and Solomon Knots), and we expect that aesthetic considerations will continue to motivate new architectural developments. 

Glazes for ceramic bodies and porcelain enamels for metallic substrates are coatings that are applied to these surfaces with a variety of purposes chemical inertness, zero permeability to liquids and gases, cleanability, smoothness and resistance to abrasion and scratching, mechanical strength, and decorative and aesthetic considerations [12]. 

Surface aesthetics 17 Better scratch-resistance and other surface properties needed in automotive, etc., odor-enhanced POs Additive combinations for surface enhancement, slip agents, encapsulated odor additives... 

How critical is the product s appearance, and what in the formulation affects aesthetics Customer tastes tend toward plastic products that simply do not look "plastic." Moreover, the materials must be durable and scratch resistant, a challenge for soft POs that mineral fillers such as talc can sometimes help overcome (see Chapter 17). 

Coatings are susceptible to damage caused by scratch and/or abrasion. Clearly, the consumer prefers to retain the aesthetic appearance of coated materials, and for this reason clear coats used on automobiles must have good scratch and abrasion resistance. An added problem is that scratches may also cause damage to the underlying substrate. 

Lyondell BaseU Polymers sells compounded polyolefins. The base polyolefin is blended with impact modifiers, fillers and reinforcements, pigments, and additives. Customer applications include automotive components, electrical appliances, wire and cable, pipe and sheet, building and construction, and furniture. The properties of the product include a broad range of stiffness from very soft to very rigid, excellent aesthetic characteristics and colorability, good processability, high stiffness/ impact balance, high mar and scratch resistance, low carbon emissions achievable, and excellent recyclability. 

Transfer moulding is not restricted to one machine Robotics can be used to move the preform to a second machine. However, this would involve investment in both another machine and a second injection tool. If multiple layers are required however, this can be used for example, to produce a four layer moulding two layers in one machine, robotic transfer to a second machine whereby two further layers can be added. There are several advantages to the use of automation. These include reduced ( cle times and the ability to control the process via the machine interface. The robots can also ensure surface scratches or damage is kept to a minimum if an aesthetic component is in production. 

Optimization of the balance of physical and mechanical properties including scratch resistance, stiffness, low temperature impact, dimensional stability, processability, surface aesthetics, durability and economics continues to be a driving force for development. Often the most demanding properties to improve for TPOs today are scratch resistance and low temperature impact strength. Traditionally, enhanced low temperature impact resistance has come from rubber toughening by increasing the elastomer component. However, with an increase in elastomer content a reduction in the scratch resistance performance can often occur. This reduction in scratch resistance is attributed to a decrease in the TPO rigidity,... 

With this new development the aesthetical shortcomings of ABS resins have been resolved giving the part designer another material option for uncovered interior parts. In this paper we also would like to propose guidelines on tool surface design for obtaining an optimal low gloss and scratch and mar performance of an ABS molded-in-color part. 

---