Advantages for separation

High-pressure processes have been widely applied in the polymer industry. Near-critical and supercritical fluids (SCFs) are in particular used owing to their easily tunable density, which enhances the control of polymer solubility and their good separability from polymer material [1], SCF solvents (e.g. scC02) offer a potential advantage for separation process. The solubility of different polymeric material in SCFs can be systematically varied by changing operating conditions. Several... 

Apart from its use for solvation and separation of catalysts, the fluorous phase can also be used advantageously for separation processes during workup. Strategic synthesis planning is facilitated by tagging with fluorous residues to overcome the frequently limiting recovery and purification difficulties [1], As in solid-phase syntheses, an excess of components can be used to drive the reactions to completion. Side products can easily be separated if, for example, only the product is tagged with fluorous alkyl residues and therefore precipitates from the reaction mixture or is extracted with the fluorous phase. 

The separation of long-chain saturated fatty acids (C16-C18) from the corresponding unsaturated fatty acids by distillation is not practical because of the proximity of their boiling points. However, both the melting points and the solubility (in organic solvents) of these two types of fatty acids are vastly different.20 These properties are used to advantage for separating mixtures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids into fractions that are rich in either saturated (stearin) or unsaturated (olein) components.19a,b... 

In GSC, separation occurs based on differences in the adsorption of the various components in the sample onto the solid adsorbent. While GSC may not offer as much flexibility in stationary phase functionality as GLC, it has its own advantages. For separation applications, advantages include higher available operating temperatures, higher column efficiencies, and no stationary phase leakage. Typical solid phases for GSC include zeolites, silica gel, activated alumina, carbon, carbon molecular sieves, diatomites, and porous polymers. 

Tray columns (also called plate columns) are particularly well suited for large installations clean, noncorrosive, nonfoaming liquids and low-to-medium liquid flow rate applications. They also are preferred when internal cooling is required in the coluitui. With appropriate tray d ign, cooling coils can be installed on individual trays, or alternatively, liquid can be removed from the column at one tray, cooled, and returned to another tray. Tray columns also are advantageous for separations that require a large number of transfer units because they are not subject to channeling of vapor and liquid streams winch can cause problems in tall packed columns. 

Chitin and chitosan have high organic solvent resistance, which is advantageous for separation membranes used with organic solvents, where chemical resistance is typical. Specifically, chitin is highly acid resistant and chitosan is highly alkaline resistant. These characteristics make it possible for chitin and chitosan to be used as separation membranes for a variety of uses in response to specific requirements. 

Monolith anion- and cation-exchange columns are particularly advantageous for separation of bio ions, although small anions and cations can also be separated. Effective anion columns with high efficiency can be prepared simply by coating a nonionic column with a cationic surfactant, such as cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) [4]. 

The combination of HODS followed by the multicomponent calculation technique can sometimes be advantageous for separating strongly overlapping signals. 

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