Adhesive graft copolymer

Macnunar . [Sattomer] Methaaylate-tenninatedpolysiyiaie pourpt depressant used in inks, coatings, sealants, glass teinfotcenients, adhesives, graft copolymers. 

Polypropylene block and graft copolymers are efficient blend compatibilizers. These materials allow the formation of alloys, for example, isotactic polypropylene with styrene-acrylonitrile polymer or polyamides, by enhancing the dispersion of incompatible polymers and improving their interfacial adhesion. Polyolefinic materials of such types afford property synergisms such as improved stiffness combined with greater toughness. 

Els and McGill [48] reported the action of maleic anhydride on polypropylene-polyisoprene blends. A graft copolymer was found in situ through the modifier, which later enhanced the overall performance of the blend. Scott and Macosko [49] studied the reactive and nonreactive compatibilization of nylon-ethylene-propylene rubber blends. The nonreactive polyamide-ethylene propylene blends showed poor interfacial adhesion between the phases. The reactive polyamide-ethylene propylene-maleic anhydride modified blends showed excellent adhesion and much smaller dispersed phase domain size. 

Polystyrene-PDMS block copolymers4l2), and poly(n-butyl methacrylate-acrylic acid)-PDMS graft copolymers 308) have been used as pressure sensitive adhesives. Hot melt adhesives based on polycarbonate-PDMS segmented copolymers 413) showed very good adhesion to substrates with low surface energies without the need for surface preparation, such as etching. 

Two chemically modified types of NR (graft copolymers of NR and polymethylmethacrylate, and epoxidised NR) exhibit useful properties. The former are used in adhesive systems, and for the production of hard compounds, whilst the latter has probably still to find its market niche. 

Such copolymers may also be effectively employed to enhance adhesion between surfaces of different composition using copolymers with groups having different activity. These complex systems obtained by reaction (graft, block, homopolymers) have been termed interpolymer. For these and additional reasons, increasing amounts of block and graft copolymers are produced by the major plastics companies throughout the world. 

We found also that the amino-content of the polyamine-styrene graft copolymer, SAX (x is the polyamine content in wt.%) correlates closely with the adsorption behavior of FN or VN as it also does with the adhesivity of bovine aortic endo-thelial cells to the SA copolymer surface, as will be discussed in Sect. 4.4. 

Chain functionalized polymers or graft copolymers are of great technological importance. They are used as compatibilizing agents for immiscible polymer blends (8) and adhesive layers between polymer-polymer co-extruded surfaces (8). Currently, of all polymers sold, about 30% are in the form of compatibilized immiscible blends (9-12). Next we discuss a few examples of chain functionalization. 

Wetting agents Adhesion promoters Optical property modifiers Pigments Ionic and nonionic surfactants Silanes, titanates, block and graft copolymers Inorganic Ti, Fe, and Cr oxides, Cd, Ba, and Pb sulfides, sulfates, and chromates... 

Humphries M, Nemcek J, Cantwell JB et al. (1987) The use of graft-copolymers to inhibit the adhesion of bacteria to solid-surfaces. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 45 297-304... 

In line with the above discussion, the properties of grafts must also depend on the location of the graft copolymer. Properties such as abrasion, enhanced adhesion, wetting and so on only need surface modification. Flame retardancy, water sorbency, and certain other properties, on the other hand, need essentially bulk grafting. These differences can be achieved rather easily in practice and the differences have been clearly demonstrated in a number of cases. 

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