Adenylate cyclase coupling

De Lean, A., Stadel, J. M., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (1980). A ternary complex model explains the agonist-specific binding properties of the adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptor./. Biol. Chem. 255, 7108-7117. 

Another important property of dopamine is its ability to inhibit sympathetic nerve function by interacting with presynaptic dopaminergic receptors to decrease norepinephrine release (10). These receptors are not adenylate cyclase coupled and have been classified as D-2 (8). Activation of cardiac presynaptic dopamine receptors causes bradycardia, and of vascular presynaptic dopamine receptors passive vasodilation, the magnitude of which will depend on the contribution of adrenergic activity to maintaining heart rate and vascular smooth muscle tone (11,12). 

Kinoshita S, Ghidhu A, Felder RA. 1989. Defective dopamine-1 receptor adenylate cyclase coupling in the proximal convoluted tubule from the spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Clin Invest 84 1849-1856. 

Sayar, K., Ugur, M., Gurdal, H., Onaran, O., Hotomaroglu, O., and Turan, B. 2000. Dietary selenium and vitamin E intakes alter p-adrenergic response of L-type Ca-current and P-adrenoceptor-adenylate cyclase coupling in rat heart. J. Nutr. 130 733-740. 

Striem, B.J., Pace, U., Zehavi, U., Naim, M., and Lancet, D. (1989) Sweet tastants stimulate adenylate cyclase coupled to GTP-binding protein in rat tongue membranes. Biochem. J. 260, 121-6. 

Florijin, W.J., Gispen, W.H, and Versteeg, D.H.G. (1992) Functional characterization of a putative adenylate cyclase-coupled ACTH/MSH receptor in the brain. The Melanotropic Peptides, Rouen, France, PI-31 (Abstract)... 

Lefkowitz RJ, Stadel JM, Caron MG. Adenylate cyclase-coupled p-adrenergic receptors structure and mechanisms of activation and desensitization. Annu Rev Biochem 1983 52 159-186. 

Based on these findings, one can conclude that arachidonic acid metabolism in mTALH via the cytochrome P450-dependent pathway is stimulated by either AVP or SCT via an adenylate cyclase-coupled receptor. Moreover, one or more of the arachidonic acid metabolites formed modulate Na -K -ATPase activity and thereby contribute to the regulation of extracellular fluid volume. A factor which diminishes the activity of Na -K -ATPase in the mTALH has been postulated to account for exaggerated natriuresis in response to volume expansion in hypertension ... 

Strasser, R.H., Benovic, J.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. (1986). )9-agonist- and prostaglandin Ej-induced translocation of the )5-adrenergic receptor kinase Evidence that the kinase may act on multiple adenylate cyclase-coupled receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83, 6362-6366... 

Hirata, F., Strittmatter, W. J., and Axelrod, J., 1979, )8-Adrenergic receptor agonists increase phospholipid methylation, membrane fluidity, and )8-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase coupling, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76 368. 

Two AR subtypes, Ax and A3, couple through G to inhibit adenylate cyclase, while the other two subtypes, A2a and A2B, stimulate adenylate cyclase through Gs or G0if (for A2a). The A2BAR is also coupled to the activation of PLC through Gq. Furthermore, each of these receptors may couple through the (3,y subunits of the G proteins to other effector systems, including ion channels and phospholipases. Levels of intracellular... 

The OP group of receptois share common effector mechanisms. All receptois couple via pertussis toxin-sensitive Go and Gi proteins leading to (i) inhibition of adenylate cyclase (ii) reduction of Ca2+ currents via diverse Ca2+ channels (hi) activation of inward rectifying K+ channels. In addition, the majority of these receptors cause the activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), phospholipase C 3 (PLC 3), phospholipase D2 and of MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase (Table 3). 

Histamine receptors were first divided into two subclasses Hi and H2 by Ash and Schild (1966) on the basis that the then known antihistamines did not inhibit histamine-induced gastric acid secretion. The justification for this subdivision was established some years later when Black (see Black et al. 1972) developed drugs, like cimetidine, that affected only the histamine stimulation of gastric acid secretion and had such a dramatic impact on the treatment of peptic ulcers. A recently developed H2 antagonist zolantidine is the first, however, to show significant brain penetration. A further H3 receptor has now been established. It is predominantly an autoreceptor on histamine nerves but is also found on the terminals of aminergic, cholinergic and peptide neurons. All three receptors are G-protein-coupled but little is known of the intracellular pathway linked to the H3 receptor and unlike Hi and H2 receptors it still remains to be cloned. Activation of Hi receptors stimulates IP3 formation while the H2 receptor is linked to activation of adenylate cyclase. 

Caffeine is also effective in the antagonism of peripheral adenosine (type I) receptors, which are known to inhibit lipolysis by subduing adenylate cyclase activity.28 The appeal of this mechanism of action is that the majority of the pharmacological effects of adenosine on the central nervous system can be inhibited by doses of caffeine that are well within physiologically non-toxic levels comparable to only a couple of cups of coffee.5... 

Kaminski NE, Koh WS, Yang KH, Lee M, Kessler FK. Suppression of the humoral immune response by cannabinoids is partially mediated through inhibition of adenylate cyclase by a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein-coupled mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol 1994 48 1899-1908. 

Here, the agonist-receptor complex (AR) combines with a G-protein (G) to form a ternary complex (ARG ), which can initiate further cellular events, such as the activation of adenylate cyclase. However, this simple scheme (the ternary complex model) was not in keeping with what was already known about the importance of isomerization in receptor activation (see Sections 1.2.3 and 1.4.3), and it also failed to account for findings that were soon to come from studies of mutated receptors. In all current models of G-protein-coupled receptors, receptor activation by isomerization is assumed to occur so that the model becomes ... 

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