Adenylate cyclase characterization

Witz, P., Amlaiky, N., Plassat, J. L., Maroteaux, L., Borrelli, E., and Hen, R. (1990). Cloning and characterization of a Drosophila serotonin receptor that activates adenylate cyclase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 8940-8944. 

Henry DY, Gueritte-Voegelein F, Insel PA, Ferry N, Bouguet J, Potier P, Hanoune J. Isolation and characterization of 9-hydroxy- 10-trans,12-cis-octadecadienoic acid, a novel regulator of platelet adenylate cyclase from Glechoma hederacea L. Labiatae. Eur J Biochem 1987 170 389-394. 

Initially, it was proposed that the 5-HTjb receptor is located exclusively in the brain of the rat and some other rodents, whereas the 5-HTid receptor, a close species homolog, is specific to the guinea pig and higher mammalian species, including humans (Waeber et al., 1989). However, recent studies have characterized the 5-HTiB receptor also in the human brain (Bidmon et al., 2001 Varnas et al., 2005). The 5-HT, B receptor is linked to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase, and is located at presynaptic (5-HT axon terminals) and postsynaptic... 

Two types of dopamine receptors have been characterized in the mammalian brain, termed and D2. This subtyping largely arose in response to the finding that while all types of clinically useful neuroleptics inhibit dopaminergic transmission in the brain, there is a poor correlation between reduction in adenylate cyclase activity, believed to be the second messenger linked to dopamine receptors, and the clinical potency of the drugs. This was particularly true for the butyrophenone series (e.g. haloperidol) which are known to be potent neuroleptics and yet are relatively poor at inhibiting adenylate cyclase. 

SAM) 591,592s, 813, 875 decarboxylation 753, 754 reaction with catechol O-methyltransferase 592 Adenosyltransferase, B12s 870 Adenoviruses 247, 346 Adenylate cyclase 556-557, 556s, 657 characterization of 556 toxic 548... 

Ribeiro, P. and Webb, R.A. (1987) Characterization of a serotonin transporter and an adenylate cyclase-linked serotonin receptor in the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta. Life Sciences 40, 755-768. 

McNall, S.J. and Mansour, T.E. (1984) Novel serotonin receptors in Fasciola characterization by studies on adenylate cyclase activation and [3H]LSD binding. Biochemical Pharmacology 33, 2789-2797. 

Pfeuffer, E., Mollner, S., and Pfeuffer, T. (1985). Adenylate cyclase from bovine brain cortex Purification and characterization of the catalytic unit. EMBO J. 4, 3675-3679. 

Dopamine activates adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C (PLC) via a D, receptor and inhibits through a D2 receptor, thereby regulating the production of intracellular second messengers, cAMP, Ca2+, and 1,2-diacylglycerol. D, and D2 receptors are decreased in the striatum of patients with dementia. There is considerable evidence to suggest that intracellular levels of cAMP have a protective role for dopaminergic neurons. Intracellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides are regulated by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and CaMPDE, one of the most intensely studied and best-characterized phosphodiesterases. 

All the pharmacological and behavioural effects elicited by dopamine agonists and antagonists in the brain can only be explained if such an interaction occurs at the level of the dopamine receptor (D2 receptor site) the site still remains in search of a function. Bovine parathyroid cells were reported to possess dopamine sites which should be involved in the control of parathormone secretion. However, the very poor pharmacological characterization and the lack of in vivo evidence do not allow to assess the dopaminergic nature of this hormone secretion. Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase is thus not a receptor directly implicated in the dopaminergic neurotransmission it is an enzyme which could have an important role in the control of long term metabolic effects such as the synthesis of neuronal constituents. 

How the problem arises whether or not the dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase (D site) (2) also answers these criteria or other criteria which justify it being called a dopamine receptor like the D2 receptor site 15-8). The purpose of the present paper is to discuss this problem especially with regard to parathormone secretion. Special attention will be paid to the pharmacological characterization of this hormone secretion. 

The classification of dopamine receptors. Although Kebabian and Caine Q) performed an excellent service to the scientific community in proposing the D-l and D-2 receptor hypothesis, this remains to be proven by isolating and characterizing these receptors. These have been excellently reviewed by Cronin (2). Indeed the statement that the "D" receptors of the anterior pituitary are independent of adenylate cyclase is incorrect. We (3) and others (4, ) have shown a consistant and specific inhibitory relationship of the anterior pituitary dopamine receptor and adenylate cyclase. 

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