Adenosine triphosphate kinetics

Eisenberg, E. Moos, C. (1968). Adenosine triphosphate activity of acto-heavy meromyosin A kinetic analysis of actin activation. Biochemistry 7, 1486-1489. 

Horikawa Y, Goel A, Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV 1998 Mitochondrial calcium in relaxed and tetanized myocardium. Biophys J 74 1579—1590 Horiuti K, Somlyo AV, Goldman YE, Somlyo AP 1989 Kinetics of contraction initiated by flash photolysis of caged adenosine triphosphate in tonic and phasic smooth muscles. J Gen Physiol 94 769-781... 

For example, Bachelard used [Mgtotai]/[ATPtotai ] = 1 in his rate studies, and he obtained a slightly sigmoidal plot of initial velocity versus substrate ATP concentration. This culminated in the erroneous proposal that brain hexokinase was allosterically activated by magnesium ions and by magnesium ion-adenosine triphosphate complex. Purich and Fromm demonstrated that failure to achieve adequate experimental control over the free magnesium ion concentration can wreak havoc on the examination of enzyme kinetic behavior. Indeed, these investigators were able to account fully for the effects obtained in the previous hexokinase study. ... 

Hamada, M. Kuby, S.A. Studies on adenosine triphosphate transphosphorylases. XIII. Kinetic properties of the crystalline rabbit muscle ATP-AMP transphorphorylase (adenylate kinase) and a comparison with the crystalline calf muscle and liver adenylate kinases. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 190, 772-792 (1978)... 

Kinetic studies of the nucleotide analogs, y-phenylpropyl di- and triphosphate, have been undertaken to define the role of the adenosine residue in the chemical and enzymic reactions of adenosine triphosphate. A catalytic function associated with binding of metal ions at the adenine nitrogens has been ascribed to the adenosine moiety in phosphate transfer reactions in which adenosine di- or triphosphates function as the phosphate source109-"2. The pH-rate profile (Fig. 6) for the hydrolysis of -y-phenylpropyl diphosphate... 

Post, R.L., Hegyvary, C., Kume, S. (1972). Activation by adenosine triphosphate in the phosphorylation kinetics of sodium and potassium ion transport adenosine triphosphatase. J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6530-6540. 

PSII = Photosystem II WOC = Water-oxidizing complex OEC = Oxygen-evolving complex (B)RC = (Bacterial) Reaction Center Chi = Chlorophyll Bchl = Bacteriochloro-phyll XRD = X-ray diffraction EPR = Electron paramagnetic resonance EXAFS = Extended X-ray absorption fine stmctnre ENDOR = Electron-nuclear double resonance ESEEM = Electron spin echo envelope modulation (Tyr = Yz) = DlTyrl61 ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate KIE = Kinetic isotope effect UV = Ultraviolet (FT-)IR = (Fourier Transform) InfraRed. 

N. Okusa and K. Kinuno, Kinetic studies on prediction of stability of pharmaceuticals. 2. Prediction of stability of adenosine-triphosphate disodium powders by a nonisothermal method [in Japanese], Yakuzaigaku 28,23-26 (1968). 

In all eukaryotic cells, the eflEcient use of carbohydrate, fat or protein as an energy source depends on the complete oxidation of constituent carbon atoms to carbon dioxide. The energy available from these oxidations is conserved through the coupled synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate (Pi) and used to drive the kinetic, biosynthetic and homeostatic processes of the cell through numerous concerted reactions involving the hydrolysis of ATP back to ADP. 

The mechanism of adenosine triphosphate depletion in the liver after a load of fructose. A kinetic study of liver adenylate deaminase. Biochem. J. 162 601-609 (1977). 

The nature of DCC implies that typically only the library composition at thermodynamic equilibrium is of interest and the library distribution is performed only after analysis has confirmed that equilibrium is reached. However, Sev-erin et al. showed that much additional information can be obtained from the kinetic profile, leading toward the final composition. They demonstrated that a simple mixture of commercially available dyes and a rhodium complex can be used to time the addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the mixture. The phosphates ADP and ATP compete with the dyes for complexa-tion with rhodium and consequently induce changes in the UV-vis spectrum. Importantly, the presence of the analytes also changes the kinetic profile of equilibration process to an extent that depends on the time at which the analytes were added to the mixture. Consequently, from a simple UV-vis measurement after a defined time interval (15 min)... 

O Brien WJ, Lingrel JB, Wallick ET (1994) Ouabain binding kinetics of the rat alpha two and alpha 3 isoforms of the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphate. Arch Biochem Biophys 310 32-39... 

The electron transfer processes of photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism drive the flow of protons across the membranes of specialized cellular compartments. The chemiosmotic theory, discussed in Chapter 5, describes how the energy stored in a proton gradient across a membrane can be used to synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a mobile energy carrier. Intimate knowledge of thermodynamics and chemical kinetics is required to understand the details of the theory cuid the experiments that eventually verified it. 

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