Adaptive strategies

Rengefors, K. and Legrand, C. (2001). Toxicity in Peridinium aciculiferum - an adaptive strategy to outcompete other winter phytoplankton. Limnology and Oceanography 46 1990-1997. 

Acknowledgments The study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology, Japan, and by Rikkyo University Frontier Project Life s Adaptation Strategies to Environmental Changes . SCA thanks CREST project operated by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). The authors thank N. Yoshimura for his assistance. 

Another effective adaptation strategy is to improve the conventional gravity-fed flood irrigation practice which includes lining delivery channels, and reducing the amount of water applied and selecting less water consumptive crop varieties. 

Dixon, R.K. (2007) Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change,... 

Post, A., Photoprotective pigment as an adaptive strategy in the Antarctic moss Ceratodon purpureas. Polar Biol., 10, 241, 1990. 

Generally, an objective function is required for the adaptation strategy which guides the adaptation mechanism to produce the best settings of the controller parameters. For example, the A decay ratio specification could be employed, or the ISE criterion (Section 7.11). For instance, if the A decay ratio criterion is used, then, if any change in process parameters leads to decay ratios other than A, the adaptation mechanism adjusts the controller parameters until a A decay ratio in the controlled response is achieved once again. 

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