Irrigation practices

Except for zones below the level of permanent ground water where the environment is water-saturated, and for zones of dry surface sand, continual variation may be expected to occur in the water content of soils. This is usually dependent on rainfall, snow, flooding and such climatic influences, though irrigation practices in many agricultural areas influence water content and hence the corrosion rates. 

Implications of Water Quality on Irrigation Practices Under Water Scarcity... 

With a growing scarcity of freshwater available for irrigation, other sources of lower quality like brackish water, saline water, and treated wastewater become more important as additional or substituting inputs for the agricultural sector. At the same time, it is clear that a sophisticated treatment like desalination or nanofiltration under current conditions is still far too expensive to be a major solution to future irrigation water needs. Hence adaptation of farming and irrigation practices to the particular water qualities constitutes a more viable approach. 

Whatever the case, the ability to irrigate test plots is an important consideration during field site selection. Sprinkler irrigation is preferred. Flood and furrow irrigation should be avoided since they may disturb surface residues, resulting in uneven residue distribution and/or inadvertent agrochemical loss from the study plots. Recommended irrigation practices are discussed in more detail in Section 3.3.8. 

Another effective adaptation strategy is to improve the conventional gravity-fed flood irrigation practice which includes lining delivery channels, and reducing the amount of water applied and selecting less water consumptive crop varieties. 

Pickett, C.H., L.S. Hawkins, J.E. Pehrson, and N.V. O Connell (1992). Irrigation practices, herbicide use and groundwater contamination in citrus production A case study in California. Agri., Ecosyst. Environ., 41 1-17. 

The test area was irrigated according to irrigation practices used in the Columbia Basin project area, where a 25 to 33% runoff flow from irrigated fields can be anticipated. Table I is a compilation of the results obtained from the flow measurements of the irrigation water applied and the runoff water. 

In U.S. irrigation practice, water is described in acre-feet, which is the amount required to cover 1 acre of farmland 1 ft deep. What is the mass of 1 acre ft of water (1 mi = 640 acres.) What is the mass of iha-m of water (lkm =... 

Etcheverry, B.A. (1915). Irrigation practice and engineering. McGraw-Hill New York. Etcheverry, B.A. (1931). Land drainage andflood protection. McGraw-Hill New York. 

Anonymous (1954). Ernest A. Moritz. Who s who in the West 483. Marquis Chicago. Anonymous (1974). Ernest A. Moritz celebrates 92 birthday. Henderson News (9/10) 7. P Anonymous (1981). Moritz, Ernest A. Who was who in America 7 414. Marquis Chicago. Etcheveny, B.A. (1915). Irrigation practice and engineering. McGraw-Hill New York. Moritz, E.A. (1911). Experiments on the flow of water in wood stave pipe. Trans. ASCE 74 411-482. 

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