Basic adaptive control strategy

In the case where there is a single thread of execution flow, a control automaton can be derived by assigning a state to each vertex of the sequencing graph [6CM+88]. State transitions in the automaton depend on the completion of the corresponding operations. The presence of multiple threads of execution flow poses a difficulty. In particular, the completion of an operation is not a sufficient condition to trigger the execution of its successor because the successor may have multiple predecessors. The activation of an operation depends on the completion of execution of all its predecessors hence in general it is necessary to remember whether an operation has completed ot not. 

The adaptive control strategy addresses this difficulty by implementing control as a modular interconnection of control elements. There is one control element CEi per vertex v,- of the sequencing graph G, with the interconnection of the control elements having the same topology as the sequencing gr h. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between vertices and control 

The implementation of a control element is dependent on whether the corresponding vertex is stateless or state. When a vertex v,- is stateless for all input sequences (e.g. no-op or a combinational logic operation), its control element 

CEi asserts the done signal as soon as it is enabled. No state information is needed in this case. The control element degenerates to combinational logic donci = enabUi. 

On the oth hand, when a vertex v requires one or more cycles of execution delay to some input sequences, its control element CEi is implemented as a FSM with two states a ready state (5f) and a wait state (Sf). The initial state for a control element is the ready state. The reset state for an entire control netwOTk is when all control elements are in their ready states. In the ready state, a control element begins executing its operation whenever it is enabled. It remains in until the completion of execution - signified by the assertion of the complete signal - wh eupon it makes a transition to the wait state. Once in the wait state, the control element cannot be activated even if it is enabled. The wait state indicates that execution has completed and the control element is waiting to be reset 

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Greaney and coworkers have introduced the conjugate addition of thiols to Michael acceptors as an effective adaptive DCL strategy [46,47]. The reaction is well suited for biological DCL synthesis, taking place in water with no requirement for external reagents. As with disulfide bond formation, the reaction is subject to simple and effective pH control. Under mildly basic conditions, the thiolate anion adds rapidly to Michael acceptors under equilibrium conditions. Acidification effectively switches the reaction... 

We present an overview of the basic strategy in Section 8.1.1. Two control implementations are presented. Section 8.1.2 describes a simplified scheme that supports data-dependent delay operations and multiple execution flows, but the resulting control is not precise. We extend the simplified scheme in Section 8.1.3 to obtain a precise control implementation. Analysis of adaptive control is presented in Section 8.1.4. 

Micromethods are one of the most recent applications of fluorescence and efforts are devoted to the adaptation of apparatus capable of direct measurement on cell culture microplates that can be automatically scanned. In basic research, as well as in pharmaceutical drug development, this advanced technology represents a significant gain in productivity and cost control. This article deals first with probe labelling strategy, choice of suitable devices for microplate... 

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