Acute lymphocytic leukemia infection

Significant reductions in lymphocyte concentration (<1000/mm of blood) can be evident without apparent cause or in a variety of diseases, including acute inflammatory disorders, severe uremia, immune deficiency diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic infections such as tuberculosis or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, malignancies, and connective tissue diseases. Lymphocytosis (>4000/mm ) may occur with mononucleosis, pertussis, measles, or chickenpox, and in lymphoid malignancies. A progressive increase in mature lymphocytes may be indicative of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Increased levels of atypical lymphocytes may occur in patients with infections (e.g., mononucleosis, hepatitis, or cytomegalovirus), allergic reactions, or lymphomas." ... 

Zidovudine (200 mg every 4 hours) is indicated in the management of patients with HIV infection who show evidence of impaired immunity. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, pyrimethamine, and acyclovir may be necessary for the management or prevention of opportunistic infections. Zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine, commonly referred to as AZT) is a thymidine analog with antiviral activity against HIV-1, HIV-2, human T-lymphotropic (or leukemia) virus (HTLV)-I, and other retroviruses. Low concentrations (<0.001 to 0.04 pg/ml) inhibit acute HIV-1 infection in human T-cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocytes. Zidovudine is less active in human monocyte-macrophages or quiescent cells but inhibits HIV replication in human brain macrophages. Zidovudine is also inhibitory for HBV and EBV... 

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