Acute childhood leukaemia

Lennard L, Lilleyman JS, Van Loon J et al. Genetic variation in response to 6-mercaptopurine for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet 1990 336 225-229. 

McLeod HL, Coulthard S, Thomas AE et al. Analysis of thiopurine methyltransferase variant alleles in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1999 105 696-700. 

Anderer G, Schrappe M, Brechlin AM et al. Polymorphisms within glutathione S-transferase genes and initial response to glucocorticoids in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Pharmacogenetics 2000 10 715-726. 

Ronghe, M., Burke, G.A., Lowis, S.R, and Estlin, E.J. 2001. Remission induction therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia clinical and cellular pharmacology of vincristine, corticosteroids, L-asparaginase and anthracyclines. Cancer Treatment Reviews 27(6), 327-337. 

Zelent, A., Greaves, M. and Enver, T. (2004) Role of the TEL AML 1 fusion gene in the molecular pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Oncogene 23, 4275 4283. 

Rivera GK, Raimondi SC, Hancock ML et al. Improved outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with reinforced early treatment and rotational combination chemotherapy. Lancet 1991 337 61-66. 

Brisco MJ, Condon J, Hughes E et al. Outcome predietion in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by molecular quantification of residual disease at the end of induction. Lancet 1994 343 196-200. 

Childhood ALL Collaborative Group. Duration and intensity of maintenance chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia overview of 42 trials involving 12 000 randomised children. Lancet 1996 347 1783-1788. 

Mitchell CD, Richards SM, Kinsey SE. Medical Research Council Childhood Leukaemia Working Party. Benefit of dexamethasone compared with prednisolone for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia results of the UK Medical Research Council ALL97 randomized trial. Br J Haematol 2005 129 734-745. 

Lennard L, Richards S, Cartwright CS et al. UK MRC/NCRl Childhood Leukaemia Working Party. The thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism is associated with thioguanine-related veno-occlusive disease of the liver in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006 80 375-383. 

Costea 1, Moghrabi A, Krajinovie M. The influence of cyclin D1 (CCNDl) 870 A>G polymorphism and CCNDl-thymidylate synthase (TS) gene-gene interaction on the outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Pharmacogenetics 2003 13 577-580. 

In those tumours where cures can be achieved by chemotherapy (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood, Hodgkin s lymphoma, choriocarcinoma) it is essential that optimal doses of chemotherapy be administered and dose intensity maintained in order to avoid the emergence of chemoresistance. 

Moppett J, Burke GA, Steward CG, Oalchill A, Goulden NJ. The clinical relevance of detection of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Clin Pathol 2003 56 249-53. 

The human equilibrative nudeoside transporter 1 mediates in vitro cytarabine sensitivity in childhood acute myeloid leukaemia. British Journal of Cancer,... 

Stanulla M, Schaeffeler E, Flohr T, et al. (2005). Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) genotype and early treatment response to mercaptopurine in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. JAMA. 293 1485-1489. 

McLeod H L, Krynetski E Y, Relling M V, et al. (2000). Genetic polymorphism of thiopurine methyltransferase and its clinical relevance for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukemia. 14 567-572. 

Cyclophosphamide can be given orally and produces good clinical results in several malignant conditions including Hodgkin s disease, lymphosarcoma, Burkitt s lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood, and after... 

Crazzolara, R., Kreczy, A., Mann, G., Heitger, A., Eibl, G., Fink, F. M., Mohle, R., and Meister, B. (2001). High expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 predicts extramedullary organ infiltration in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br. J. Haematol. 115, 545-553. 

Cytarabine, 4-amino-l-/3-D-arabinofuranosylpyrimidin-2(lif)-one or cytosine arabino-side (1033 R = H, X = NH2), is an established drug for the treatment of acute leukaemias of childhood and adult granulocytic leukaemia. It must be given intravenously and much of the drug becomes the corresponding inactive uracil derivative in vivo by virtue of a deaminase in the liver it interferes with DNA but not RNA synthesis, and it has incidental... 

Lennard L, Lilleyman JS. Variable mercaptopurine metabolism and treatment outcome in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1989 7 1816-1823. Erratum itv.JClin Oncol 1990 8 567. Lennard L, Lewis IJ, Michelagnoli M et al. Thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency in childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia 6-mercaptopurine dosage strategies. MedPediatr Oncol 1997 29 252-255. Lennard L, Van Loon JA, Weinshilboum RM. Pharmaeogenetics of acute azathioprine toxicity relationship to thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989 46 149-154. 

Household exposure to pesticides and risk of childhood acute leukaemia. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63, 131—4. 

Chen CL et al. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic features of etoposide in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Leukaemia Lymphoma, 2001, 42 317-327. 

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