Activated-carbon fiber cloth electrode

Ishikawa, M., Morita, M., lhara, M. and Matsuda, Y., Electric double layer capacitor composed of activated carbon fiber cloth electrodes and solid polymer electrolytes containing alkylammonium salt, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1994, 141(7), 1730 1734. 

Ishikawa, M., Sakamoto, A., Morita, M., Matsuda, Y. and Ishida, K., Effect of treatment of activated carbon fiber cloth electrodes with cold plasma upon performance of electric double layer capacitors, J. Power Sources, 1996, 60(2), 233 238. 

ACFCE Activated carbon fiber cloth electrode... 

Recently, Lee et al. investigated the effect of PLD on the kinetics of double-layer charging/discharging of the activated-carbon fiber cloth electrode (ACFCE). In order to disregard the effect of the pore shape on the electrochemical performance of the electrode, they used the ACFCE as an electrode material since the shape of the pores comprising the activated caibon fiber is cylindrical and homogeneous throughout the bulk of the fiber ... 

Constant phase element (CPE) ejqionent Activated carbon fiber cloth electrode Atomic force microscopy Affinity coefficient... 

Tanahashi, I. 2005. Capacitance enhancement of activated carbon fiber cloth electrodes in electrochemical capacitors with a mixed aqueous solution of H2SO4 and AgNOj. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 8 A627-A629. 

Tanahashi, 1., Yoshida, A. and Nishino, A., Electrochemical characterization of activated carbon fiber cloth polarizable electrodes for electric double layer capacitors. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1990, 137(10), 3052 3056. 

The activated carbon fiber cloth was cut into the size of 5 cm x 5 cm to form the carbon electrode. The carbon electrode was immersed in ethanol solution overnight to remove the residuals and then dried at room temperature. 

Xu, B. et al. 2007. Activated carbon fiber cloths as electrodes for high performance electric double-layer capacitors. Electrochimica Acta, 52, 4595—4598. 

Adsorption of aniline on minerals, such as kaolinite, montmorillonite and vermiculite as well as on a-alumina and iron powders, has been studied in order to better understand the interaction of the adsorbate with natural adsorbents154-157. However, the results, similarly to those obtained on a smooth polycrystalline platinum electrode158, are not useful for the removal of aniline from waste water. The commonly used activated charcoal is also deficient owing to slow kinetics of the removal of dissolved pollutants. In this situation, activated carbon fibers, woven as a C-cloth, seem to be the ideal adsorbents for removal of aniline from waste streams. The reports of Niu and Conway159,160 explained the adsorptive and electrosorptive behavior of aniline on C-cloth electrodes and suggested a methodology for clean-up of industrial waste waters. 

However, to be able to introduce further functionality, additional synthesis steps on the structured electrodes could be performed. Branching of primary CNTs grown on graphite foil with secondary nanotubes has been demonstrated by Li et al. and Xia et al. [153, 154], resulting in the so-called hierarchically structured electrodes with high electrical conductivity. In a follow-up study, this concept has been transferred to hierarchically structured electrodes grown on carbon cloth, which is frequently used as GDL in fuel cell electrodes. After Pt deposition onto the carbon cloth/carbon fiber/CNT composites, reasonable activity for ORR was obtained [155]. The application of similar structures in fuel cells has also been reported and makes this approach a promising concept for the immediate future [156,157]. 

Carbon electrodes are readily polarized and, although their electrical conductivity depends on carbon preparation, the carbon electrode materials are extremely attractive for their accessibility, easy processability and relatively low cost additionally, they are non-toxic materials. They are available under several forms activated powders, felts and cloths, xerogels and aerogels, and nanotubes. Activated carbon electrodes made by bonding activated carbon particles with a polymeric binder are the most widely used, but binderless activated carbon electrodes based on fiber cloths and felts are also in use. Carbon aerogels, produced by sol-gel processes, are also attractive alternative electrodes for double-layer supercapacitors (DLSs), and their characteristics are discussed in more detail in the last Section of this chapter devoted to nanostmctured electrodes [5],... 

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