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Activated carbon beds construction

The performance of an activated carbon, in industrial use, depends not only on the capacity of an activated carbon but also on its retentivity, that is for how long can the carbon retain the adsorbed species, under operating conditions, without it being subsequently desorbed. Activated carbons are used in beds with the gas, vapor or liquid passing through the bed. From a practical point of view it is desirable to operate by minimization of the frequency of replacement of the activated carbon bed. The characterizations, which have been elaborated upon (Section 4.2) clearly indicate the desirability to maximize the porosity of maximum adsorption potential accessible to the adsorptive at those low relative concentrations of adsorptive which are found in industrial situations. Other factors include rates of adsorption which are dependent on intra- and inter-diffusion of the adsorbate and granules and bed construction. At the same time, these adsorbed materials must remain within the activated carbon for as long as possible. [Pg.197]

It may also be replaced with new carbon and disposal of the exhausted carbon Most adsorbers are pressure vessels constructed in carbon steel, stainless steel or plastic. Large systems for drinking water are often eonstructed in concrete. In some cases, a moving or pulsed bed adsorber is employed to optimixe the use of the granular activated carbon. [Pg.407]

A lOkWfl, prototype has been constructed and tested from IFP-Lyon [53]. Three interconnected fluidized bed reactors are considered (Figure 5.11) one reactor is operated as fuel reactor and two reactors are used as air reactors. The reactors are bubbUng bed reactors. The control system is based on the use of pneumatic non-mechanical valves that allow the solid circulation to be independent of the gas flow rate in the reactors. In 2011, the same facility has been modified to be operated with coal by the addition of a carbon stripper. New analyses have been carried out in order to test the OC activity, the effect of the temperature in the coal conversion and the gasification reaction [54] that occurs in the fuel reactor. [Pg.132]

One way of maximising the area-to-volume ratio is to create a porous working electrode with a very large active surface. This can be achieved in various ways, e.g. use of stacks of metal gauze, sintered metal tubes, reticulated vitreous carbon or packed beds along the lines of HPLC columns composed of conducting material, such as carbon particles or silver granules. One method of construction is to fuse... [Pg.35]

Preactivated and Water-Activated Types. A typical preactivated industrial-type zinc/air cell, the Edison Carbonaire cell, is manufactured in a 1100-Ah size and is available in two-and three-eell configurations, as illustrated in Fig. 38.12. The cell case and cover are molded from a tinted transparent acrylic plastic. The construction features are shown in Fig. 38.13 identifying the wax-impregnated carbon cathode block, the solid zinc anodes, and the lime-filled reservoir. These cells normally have a bed of lime to absorb carbon dioxide and to remove soluble zinc compounds from solution and precipitate them as calcium zincate. They are made with transparent cases so that the electrolyte level and the state of charge can be monitored visually. The state of charge can be monitored by observing the condition of the zinc plates and the condition of the lime bed. The bed turns darker as it is converted to zincate. [Pg.1221]


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