Actinomycete, Nocardiopsis

Soil The actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. isolated from soil extensively degraded pure cis- and /ra/3s-chlordane to dichlorochlordene, oxychlordane, heptachlor, heptachlor e/ c/o-epoxide, chlordene chlorohydrin, and 3-hydroxy-traas-chlordane. Oxychlordane slowly degraded to 1-hydroxy-2-chlorochlordene (Beeman and Matsumura, 1981). In Hudson River, NY sediments, the presence of adsorbed chlordane suggests it is very persistent in this environment (Bopp et al., 1982). The reported half-life in soil is approximately 1 yr (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). 

Two new indole nucleosides kahakamides A 256 and B 257 were isolated from the actinomycete Nocardiopsis dassonvillei which is obtained from a shallow water sediment sample collected from the island of Kauai, Hawaii. Compound 256 exhibited anti-microbial activity toward the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. 

Zhenlong W, Liping X, Xia G, Zhang J, Nie Y, Hu J, et al. A new tetrodotoxin-producing actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei, isolated from the ovaries of puffer fish Fugu rubripes. Toxicon 2005 45 851—9. 

Cho, J,Y, Williams, P,G, Kwon, H.C., Jensen, P.R., and Fenical, W. (2007) Lucentamycins A-D, cytotoxic peptides from the marine-derived actinomycete Nocardiopsis lucentensis. J. Nat Prod., 70, 1321-1328. 

TSUJIBO H, KUBOTA T, YAMAMOTO M, MIYAMOTO K and INAMORIY (2003), Characteristics of chitinase genes from an alkaliphilic actinomycete, Nocardiopsis prasina OPC-131 , Appl Environ Microbiol, 69, 894-900. 

Microorganisms such as Nocardiopsis sp., an actinomycete, can metabolize cis- and trans-chlo-rdane to at least eight solvent-soluble substances, including dichlorochlordene, oxychlordane, hep-tachlor, heptachlor endo-epoxide, chlordene chlorohydrin, and 3-hydroxy-trans-chlordane (Beeman and Matsumura 1981). Based on studies of chlordane metabolism in animals, four metabolic pathways are proposed (Feroz and Khan 1979a WHO 1984 Nomeir and Hajjar 1987 USEPA 1988) ... 

The nocardicins are a family of monocyclic BLAs produced by the actinomycete Nocardia uniformis subsp. tsuyamanensis ATCC 21806, first isolated in 1976. Nocardicin A is the major product, with several other structurally related metabolites in smaller amounts, nocardicins B-G (Figure 4.14). Nocardicin A was the first member of this family to be reported [52]. In the same year, the isolation of nocardicin B was also reported [53]. The structures 29 and 30 were soon assigned to nocardicin A and B, respectively [54,55]. One year later, the isolation of nocardicins C-G was reported, and the assignment of the structures 31-35 were proposed in the same paper [56]. Nocardicin A has also been isolated from the actinomycetes Actinosynnema mirum [57], Nocardiopsis atra [58], and Microtetraspora caesia [59]. The nocardicins were the first naturally occurring monocyclic p-lactams that display any significant antibacterial activity to be isolated, and they bear structural... 

Actinomycetes Gram-positive, high (C -H C)%. Many references concern Actinomycetes not identified at the genus level. Amongthe most well-known and most studied genera are Actinomyces, Dermacoccus, Micromonospora (70-73), Nocardiopsis (72-73), Salinispora (69-70), and Streptomyces (69-72). Research into this last genus allowed the characterization of more than 240 new structures (Laatsch, 2006). 

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