Acrylic Acid Grafted on PES NF Membranes

FIGURE 4.5 Postulated UV-initiated grafting on a PES NF membrane using acrylic acid. (Adapted with permission from Seman, M. N. et al., J. Memb. Sci., 355, 133-141, 2010.) 

It has been reported that the NF membrane developed by UV-photo-polymerization of sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) monomers on a PSF UF membrane can be used in dye effluent treatment (Akbari et al. 2(X)2). Researchers used phase inversion method to prepare the PSF UF substrate. The photo-reactor was a cylindrical chamber, in which the membrane was placed on the wall together with a suitable concentration of SSS after washing with distilled water. A UV lamp was installed at the center of the chamber. Irradiation of the membrane was conducted for a certain period of time before it was removed from the reactor and washed with distilled water. It was postulated that the sulfonate group found in the polyelectrolyte molecules can repel the sulfonate group in dye molecules, thus reducing membrane fouling. 

2 CHEMicAt Cross-Linking of PECs with the Membrane Surface 

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