Aciylonitrile oxidation

This chapter reports about an investigation on the catalytic gas-phase armnoxidation of u-hexane aimed at the production of 1,6-Ce dinitriles, precursors for the synthesis of hexamethylenediamine. Catalysts tested were those also active and selective in the ammoxidation of propane to aciylonitrile mtile-type V/Sb and SnA /Nb/Sb mixed oxides. Several A-containing compounds formed however, the selectivity to cyano-containing aliphatic linear Ce compounds was low, due to the relevant contribution of side reactions such as combustion, cracking and formation of heavy compounds. 

Bis(aciylonitrile)nickel(0), 2312 l,2-Bis(dichlorophosphino)ethane, 0797 Bis(trimethylsilyl) phosphonite, 2611 Bromodimethylborane, 0887 Calcium silicide, 3943 Cerimn trisulfide, 3967 Chromimn(II) acetate, 1493 Chromimn(II) oxide, 4241 Cobalt(III) nitride, 4214 Cobaltai) sulfide, 4218 Dicobalt boride, 0128 Dimethyl ethanephosphonite, 1732 Europium(II) sulfide, 4293 2-Fm-aldehyde, 1836 Indimn(II) oxide, 4641... 

Monoammoniuin phosphate Diammonium phosphate Nitric oxide Aciylonitrile Caprolactam Monomethylamine Dinietliylamine Hexametliylenetetramine Trimethylamine Monoethanolamine Dietlianolainine Trietlianolainine Hydrogen Cyanide Fatty nitrogen compounds (niuiles, amines, quaternary ammonimn compounds)... 

Figure 15.9 Effeci of acrylonitrile content upon rdxwnd resilience at normal ambient temperature for aciylonitrile-butadiene rubber vulcanizates (Hofmann [6]). Compound (parts by mass) acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber KK) plasticizer 5 stearic add % zinc oxide S HAF carbon black 40 sulfur 1.5 -cydohexyl-2-benzibia l sulfenamide 0.8...

The electron beam irradiation is other type of energy that could produce degradation, in 2012 Tonny and Nemr reported the degradation of aciylonitrile/buta-diene/silica nanocomposite, the materials were electron beam irradiated at 25 and 100 kGy, finding that during the electron beam the thermal and thermo oxidative degradation are the principal reaction that occur confirmed by the fragments C-C of the polymer and volatiles as CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, etc. [69]. 

Aciylonitrile has been an important organic intermediate sinee the 1930s, when it was nsed in a eopolymer for synthetic bntadiene rabbets in Germany. While Bnna-N was not as snccessful as the similar Bnna-S, made with styrene, aciylonitrile is now widely nsed in the prodnction of fibers, and ABS resins. Early prodnction rentes were based on the reaction of ethylene oxide or acetylene with... 

The first use of oxide oxidation catafysts for the production of acrolein from propylene with a cuprous oxide/silica formulation was described by Shell in 1948. This followed an Allied Chemical Company patent describing the potential production of aciylonitrile from propylene. As demand for these products increased during the 1950s, other, more efficient, catalysts based on mixed oxides were developed. The best early catalysts are listed in Table 4.13. 

It was soon realized that commercial units would be based on the use of fluidized beds, which were then being introduced in refineries to produce gasoline. The most successful fluid bed process was introduced by Idol of Soldo in 1960 and used a bismuth phosphomolybdate catalyst supported on silica. Knapsack described a bismuth phosphomolybdate catalyst containing iron for aciylonitrile production in 1962. This rather more complex mixed oxide formulation, Fe7Bi2Moi2052, also supported on silica, foreshadowed improvements in the 1970s and the introduction of multicomponent catalysts. Since then several generations of improved catalysts have been introduced, e.g., by Sohio, as the reaction mechanism has been better understood. 

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