Acidity and metal complexation

Acid and Metal-Complex Dyes on Wool and Silk... 

For printing with acid and metal-complex dyes on polyamide material see Section 4.10.2. 

Problems with the compatibility of the dyes can also arise in dyeing mixtures of PA and PAC fibers. Such blends are produced, e.g., for skiwear. The cationic dyes used for the PAC component do not dye normal PA fibers. Acid and metal-complex dyes leave PAC fibers practically white. Sulfo group containing 1 1 metal-complex dyes possess a zwitterionic character and therefore can be applied in low concentration in the same bath with cationic dyes, without the occurrence of precipitation. In this manner, one-bath dyeing can be carried out. The stability of... 

The nonprotein part of a conjugated protein. Examples of prosthetic groups are sugars, lipids, nucleic acids, and metal complexes, (p. 1190)... 

Four major categories of LFERs have been developed over the past 60 years or so (Table 2). These relationships apply to a wide variety of classes of organic and inorganic compounds and a wide range of reactions—coordinative reactions (dissociation-association) of acids and metal complexes, hydrolysis, hydration, substitution, substituent group oxidations, electron exchange between metal ions, and so on. This section describes the basis for these categories of correlative relationships and the types of reactions to which they apply. 

Metal-complexation/SFE using carbon dioxide has been successfully demonstrated for removal of lanthanides, actinides and various other fission products from solids and liquids (8-18), Direct dissolution of recalcitrant uranium oxides using nitric acid and metal-complexing agents in supercritical fluid carbon dioxide has also been reported (79-25). In this paper we explored supercritical fluid extraction of sorbed plutonium and americium from soil using common organophosphorus and beta-diketone complexants. We also qualitatively characterize actinide sorption to various soil fractions via use of sequential chemical extraction techniques. 

Teri et al. [169] report the highest depth of dyeing for sisal fibers relative to jute and coir in the case of direct, acid, and metal complex dyes, where, as in the case of cationic dyes, coir exhibited the highest depth of shade, followed by jute and sisal, due to absorption of the dye at localized sites in the fiber. ... 

Long-term chelating of metal ions, which are essential for the proper function of several enzymes, represents another main principle of action of biocides with the result that vital metal ions are not longer available for the organism and essential processes are inhibited. A research group of ICI has been working in this area and claimed thiohydroxamic acids and metal complexes thereof as biocides for industrial preservation (Figure 17) (Austin, 1987 Austin, 1990). The reported data showed that the open chain derivatives have always poorer... 

Acid and metal complex dyes belong to different groups of chemical substances. Thirty-eight commercial dyes of these classes are studied on silica gel TLC plates (116). The best results for the separation of acid dyes are shown in Table 5. The data on 1 1 metal complex dyes are recorded in Table 6 and for 1 2 complex dyes in Table 7. The different solvent systems used are given in each table. It was observed that the well-shaped spots without tailing were obtained for acid dyes and 1 2 metal complex dyes. The separation of 1 1 metal complex dyes was also clear, but the spots were diffuse and showed tailing. The best solvent systems were 5 and S2 for the acid dyes, S2 and 4 for the 1 1 metal complex dyes, and 5 and S3 for the 1 2 metal complex dyes. 

Uses Reserving agent for polyamide fibers and wool against many acid and metal complex dyes in wet-on-wet printing... 

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