Acid chloride naming

Platinum dichloride also results, mixed with a little tetrachloride, when platinum sponge or, better, platinum black, obtained by reduction of ammonium chlor-platinate by hydrogen gas at 100° C., is heated in chlorine to 360° C. It is obtained in a more pure condition by heating chlor-platinous acid, HaPtCl or the hydrated acid chloride, namely, trichlor-platinous acid, PtCl2.HC1.2H20 or H2PtCl3(0H)H20, to 100° C.7... 

The acylpalladium complex formed from acyl halides undergoes intramolecular alkene insertion. 2,5-Hexadienoyl chloride (894) is converted into phenol in its attempted Rosenmund reduction[759]. The reaction is explained by the oxidative addition, intramolecular alkene insertion to generate 895, and / -elimination. Chloroformate will be a useful compound for the preparation of a, /3-unsaturated esters if its oxidative addition and alkene insertion are possible. An intramolecular version is known, namely homoallylic chloroformates are converted into a-methylene-7-butyrolactones in moderate yields[760]. As another example, the homoallylic chloroformamide 896 is converted into the q-methylene- -butyrolactams 897 and 898[761]. An intermolecular version of alkene insertion into acyl chlorides is known only with bridgehead acid chlorides. Adamantanecarbonyl chloride (899) reacts with acrylonitrile to give the unsaturated ketone 900[762],... 

X in acid derivatives Name of X (in priority order fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, cyanide, azide then the sulfur and selenium analogs)... 

A Acylsarcosinates. Sodium A/-lautoylsarcosinate [7631-98-3] is a good soap-like surfactant. Table 4 gives trade names and properties. The amido group in the hydrophobe chain lessens the interaction with hardness ions. A/-Acylosarcosinates have been used in dentifrices (qv) where they ate claimed to inactivate enzymes that convert glucose to lactic acid in the mouth (57). They ate prepared from a fatty acid chloride and satcosine ... 

The choice of which reactions to include is not an easy one. First there are the well known "Name Reactions", that have appeared in various monographs or in the old Merck index. Some of these are so obvious mechanistically to the modern organic chemistry practitioner that we have in fact omitted them for instance esterification of alcohols with acid chlorides - the Schotten-Baumann procedure. Others are so important and so well entrenched by name, like the Baeyer-Villiger ketone oxidation, that it is impossible to ignore them. In general we have kept older name reactions that are not obvious at first glance. 

Acid anhydride, amides from, 807 eleclrostatic potential map of, 791 esters from, 807 from acid chlorides, 806 from carboxylic acids, 795 1R spectroscopy of, 822-823 naming, 786... 

Acid chloride—con l d esters from, 802-803 from carboxylic acids, 794-795 Grignard reaction of, 804-805 hydrolysis of, 802 IR spectroscopy of, 822-823 ketones from, 805 mechanism of formation from carboxylic acids, 795 naming, 786... 

Nitration of hydroxypropiophenone (7-1) followed by conversion of the phenol to its methyl ether by means of methyl iodide provides the intermediate (7-2) the nitro group is then reduced to the corresponding amine (7-3) by catalytic reduction. The newly introduced amine is then replaced by a nitrile group by successive conversion to the diazonium salt by means of nitrous acid followed by treatment with cuprous cyanide (7-4). Reaction with aluminum chloride removes the methyl ether to afford the ortho acylphenol (7-5). This is converted to the chromone (7-6) as above by reaction with benzoyl chloride and sodium benzoate. The nitrile is next hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid (7-7) by means of sulfuric acid. The acid is then converted to its acid chloride by means of thionyl chloride and that treated with 2-(A -piperidyl)ethanol (7-8). There is thus obtained flavoxate (7-9) [8], a muscle relaxant whose name reflects its flavone nucleus. 

Acid chlorides are named by replacing the -ic acid ending with -yl choride or replacing the carboxylic acid ending with -carbonyl chloride. 

The reaction between a phenol and an unsaturated acid or a derivative in the presence of a Lewis acid has also been widely used for the preparation of chroman-4-ones. The solvents employed are generally those utilized in the previous method, namely carbon disulfide or nitrobenzene, but a wider range of catalysts has been used. There is also a greater choice in the unsaturated component, the acid, acid chloride and acid anhydride being especially valuable. 

It has been claimed that acetalation of25 with acetone-sulfuric acid (or other dehydrating agent) in the presence of ultrasonic waves lessens the time of reaction (to <70 min), and 26 may be isolated in 76% yield.109 In addition, several reports have been published on the use of other acid catalysts, namely, zinc chloride-phosphoric acid,110... 

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