Acid bacteria diarrhea

Underdahl, N.R., Torres- Medina, A., and Doster, A.R. 1982. Effect of Streptococcus faecium C63 in control of Escherichia co/z-induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. Am. J. Vet. Res. 43, 2227-2232. Vandenbergh, P.A. 1993. Lactic acid bacteria, their metabolic products and interference with microbial growth. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 12, 221-238. 

When sorbitol is administered intravenously, it is converted to fructose rather than to glucose. It is poorly absorbed in the small intestine, and much is fermented by colonic bacteria to short-chain fatty acids, CO2, and Hj, leading to abdominal pain and diarrhea (sorbitol intolerance). 

Plantago asiatica L. depressa Willd. exaltata Horn. P. loureiri Roem. et Schult. P. major L. P. major L. var. asiatica DC Che Chen Zi (Plantain) (seed) d-xylose, 1-arabinose, d-galacturonic acid, 1-rhamnose, plantasan, plantenolic acid, plantagin, homoplantagin, aucubin, ursolic acid, hentriacontane.48-510 Diuretic, expectorant, intestinal infection, diarrhea caused by bacteria. 

Plantago major L. China Xylose, galacturonic acid, rhamnose, plantasan, plantenolic acid, plantagin, homoplantagin, aucubin, ursolic acid.48 Diuretic, expectorant, intestinal infection, diarrhea caused by bacteria. 

Thousands of diseases related to deficient or defective enzymes occur, many of which are rare. For example, in phenylketonuria (which has an incidence of 1 in 10,000 births in whites and Asians), the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine, is deficient. Phenylalanine accumulates, and tyrosine becomes an essential amino acid that is required in the diet. Mental retardation is a result of metabolic derangement. A more common problem is lactase deficiency, which occurs in 69% to 90% of American Indians, blacks, and Asians, and in 10% of whites. Lactose is not digested normally and accumulates in the gut where it is metabolized by bacteria. Bloating, abdominal cramps, and watery diarrhea result. 

V. cholerae is a gram-negative baciUus sharing similar characteristics with the family Enterobacteriaceae. Most pathology of cholera results from an enterotoxin (cholera toxin) produced by the bacteria. Conditions that reduce gastric acidity, such as the use of antacids, histamine-receptor blockers, or proton pump inhibitors or infections with Helicobacter pylori, increase the risk for clinical disease. Cholera toxin stimulates adenylate cyclase, which increases intracellular cAMP and results in inhibition of sodium and chloride absorption by microvillli and promotes the secretion of chloride and water by crypt cells. The toxin likely acts along the entire intestinal tract, but most fluid loss occurs in the duodenum. The net effect of the cholera toxin is isotonic fluid secretion (primarily in the small intestine) that exceeds the absorptive capacity of the intestinal tract (primarily the colon). This results in the production of watery diarrhea with electrolyte concentrations similar to that of plasma. 

Carbohydrate malabsorption plays a major role in diarrhea associated with SBS. Unabsorbed carbohydrates are broken down by intestinal bacteria to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), producing an osmotic load in the distal small intestine and colon that can lead to protracted diarrhea. However, the colon is able to use these SCFAs as a source of energy, thus complex carbohydrates may provide a significant caloric source for patients with a massive resection and a preserved colon. ... 

Many adults, and some children, are unable to hydrolyze lactose because they do not make the enzyme lactase. This condition, which affects 20% of the population of the United States, is known as lactose intolerance. Undigested lactose remains in the intestinal tract and causes cramping and diarrhea that can eventually lead to dehydration. Some of the lactose is metabolized by intestinal bacteria that release organic acids and CO2 gas into the intestines, causing further discomfort. Lactose intolerance is unpleasant, but its effects can be avoided by a diet that excludes milk and milk products. Alternatively, the enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose is available in tablet form. When ingested with dairy products it breaks down the lactose, preventing symptoms. 

Other approaches to the prevention of traveler s diarrhea are the use of lactobacillus preparations or bismuth subsalicylate. Lactobacilli are bacteria that metabolize dietary carbohydrate to lactic acid and other organic acids, reducing the intraluminal pH and inhibiting the growth of enteropathogens. 

Lactose intolerance can either be the result of a primary deficiency of lactase production in the small bowel (as is the case for Deria Voider) or it can be secondary to an injury to the intestinal mucosa, where lactase is normally produced. The lactose that is not absorbed is converted by colonic bacteria to lactic acid, methane gas (CH4), and Hj gas (see figure on left). The osmotic effect of the lactose and lactic acid in the bowel lumen is responsible for the diarrhea often seen as part of this syndrome. Similar symptoms can result from sensitivity to milk proteins (milk intolerance) or from the malabsorption of other dietary sugars. 

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