Acetone flash point

Soluble In water, ethanol, benzene, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and acetone Flash point. Tag closed cup, F.175... 

Acetone can be handled safely if common sense precautions are taken. It should be used in a weU-ventilated area, and because of its low flash point, ignition sources should be absent. Flame will travel from an ignition source along vapor flows on floors or bench tops to the point of use. Sinks should be rinsed with water while acetone is being used to clean glassware, to prevent the accumulation of vapors. If prolonged or repeated skin contact with acetone could occur, impermeable protective equipment such as gloves and aprons should be worn. 

Compounds with low flash points (below room temperature). Examples are acetaldehyde, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, carbon disulfide, cyclohexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and -hexane. 

The next most common ketone is methyl ethyl ketone, commonly referred to as MEK. Its molecular formula is CH3COC2H5. MEK has a flash point of 24°F and an ignition temperature of 960" F. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic ketone odor. It is as widely used as acetone and is almost as hazardous. 

Some organic compounds can be in solution with water and the mixture may still be a flammable mixture. The vapors above these mixtures such as ethanol, methanol, or acetone can form flammable mixtures with air. Bodurtha [39] and Albaugh and Pratt [47] discuss the use of Raoult s law (activity coefficients) in evaluating the effects. Figures 7-52A and B illustrate the vapor-liquid data for ethyl alcohol and the flash point of various concentrations, the shaded area of flammability limits, and the UEL. Note that some of the plots are calculated and bear experimental data verification. 

Acetone cyanohydrin (Oxyisobutyric nitrile) (CH3)2C(0H)CN Highly toxic by inhalation or ingestion Irritating and moderately toxic upon skin contact Readily decomposes to HCN and acetone at 120°C, or at lower temperatures when exposed to alkaline conditions Colourless combustible liquid Flash point 73°C ignition temperature 68.7°C Completely soluble in water... 

Acetone is used as a solvent in a laboratory. There is some concern about the fire hazards associated with the acetone. One solution is to dilute the pure acetone with water, thus providing an increased flash point. What mole fraction of water in a water-acetone mixture is required to increase the flash point of the mixture to 100°F Acetone is completely soluble in water. 

The British, French Italians during WWII used mixtures of heavy and light petroleum distillates with a density of about 0.86 at 15°. The Germans used various mixtures of petroleum distillates, coal tar fractions, and sometimes such liquids as methanol, acetone or even ether. The density of such mixtures was usually about 0.96 at 15°. One of the first American mixtures contained 70% water-gas tar (flash point 122° and d 1,044) and 30% "benzene heads (fl p 26° and d 0.756). The resulting mixture had d 1.02. 

Acetone is very flammable and should not be exposed to heat or flame. Mixts of acet vapor with air are expl if the acet content is 2.55 to 12.8% at RT. The ignition temp of acet vapor in air at 0° is 567° and in oxygen 485° (Ref 20). The expl props and hazards of acet air mixts and precautions against their propagation to expln are discussed in Refs 5,6,7,8,9,19,27 28. The expel detmn of weak shocks in liqs, such as acet, ethanol and ether is discussed in Ref 45. Brooke (Ref 40) detmnd the flash points of acet-water mixts and has shown that they are ignitable even when the acet content is as low as 2%. The fl p of a 2% acet-water mixt is 44.4° and of an 18% soln is 7.1°. The fl p decreases rapidly with an increase in the acet content. In pouring acet down the drain, it is ad visible to add enough water to make the acet concn less than 2%... 

Butanol (h-butanol boiling point 117.7°C, density 0.8097, flash point 28.9°C) can be obtained from carbohydrates (such as molasses and grain) by fermentation. Acetone and ethanol are produced as by-products. 

Cumene (Ao-propyl benzene, boiling point 152.4°C, density 0.8619, flash point 44°C) is an important intermediate in the manufacture of phenol and acetone. 

Methyl methacrylate (melting point -48°C, boiling point 100°C, density 0.9394, flash point 9°C) is produced by the acetone cyanohydrin process in which the acetone cyanohydrin (from the reaction of acetone with hydrogen cyanide, q.v.) is reacted with sulfuric acid to yield methacrylamide sulfate, which is further hydrolyzed and esterified. The process is continuous. 

Naphthalene (melting point 80.3°C, density 1.175, flash point 79°C) is very slightly soluble in water but is appreciably soluble in many organic solvents such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin), phenols, ethers, carbon disulfide, chloroform, benzene, coal-tar naphtha, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, and decahydronaphthalene (decalin). 

Instead of ashing, it is possible to dissolve the membrane in acetone and separate fibers and particles by centrifuging, followed by removal of excess acetone. (Caution acetone has a low flash point. Use only as much acetone as needed and ground large containers before pouring.) After the third treatment, an aliquot can then be placed on a slide and after evaporation of the acetone, the particles can be blended into a medium with n selected... 

Estimate the flash-point of acetone and compare it with the experimental value given in the literature. Hint Start with the basic principle that the fugacity in the vapor phase must equal that in the liquid phase. The lower flammable limit for acetone is 2.55 percent by volume. 

A flammable chemical substance is a solid, liquid, vapor, or gas that ignites easily and burns rapidly in air. Many of the flammable chemicals used in laboratories are flammable liquids and organic solvents. The vapors of these chemical substances form ignitable mixtures with air. Based on the flash points of these chemicals, classifications are made. The flash point of a chemical substance is defined as the lowest temperature at which a fuel-air mixture present above the surface of a liquid will ignite, if an ignition source is present. The common flammable chemical substances include, but are not restricted to, acetone, benzene, cyclohexane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl ether, gasoline, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, propanol, tetrahydro-furan and toluene, and xylene. 

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