Acetaldehyde diphenyl

Abietic ACID, 32, 1 add sodium salt of, 32, 4 diamylamine salt of, 32, 2 Acetaldehyde, 36, 60 Acetaldehyde, diphenyl-, 38, 26 Acetal diethyl, of acetylenic aldehydes, 39, 60... 

Phenyl vinyl sulfide, thiophenol, and 1-3 mole-% iron pentacarbonyl heated 8 hrs. at 150° under argon in a sealed ampoule -> acetaldehyde diphenyl mer-captal. Y ca. 100%. - Fe(CO)g and also [Fe(CO)3SC2H5l2 inhibit the radical... 

N-MorphoIinoearbonyI-aniIino)-2-phenyI-acetaldehyd (Enol-Form) liefert mit Lithiumaianat unter Ab-spaltung der Morpholinocarbonyl-Oruppe und C=C-Reduktion 2-Anilino-2-phenyl-dlhanol, mit Natriumboranat wird dagegen 2-Oxo-3,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazolidin (55%, d.Th.) gebildet4 ... 

This enolate can then react with a plethora of electrophiles, setting a new stereocenter by a diastereoface-selective reaction. The simplest electrophile to trap enolate 71 is H" ", which can, for example, originate from methanol [89] or diphenyl acetaldehyde (as a readily enolizable aldehyde) [90] leading to the acy-lated catalyst species (Fig. 38). The free catalyst is regenerated by acyl-group transfer to methanol(ate) or the aldehyde-derived enolate, producing methyl or enolesters 72/73 in good yields and enantioselectivities. 

In 1994 we published the first chiral dendrimers built from chiral cores and achiral branches [ 1,89], see for instance dendrimer 57 with a core from hydroxy-butanoic acid and diphenyl-acetaldehyde and with twelve nitro-groups at the periphery (Fig. 21). As had already been observed with starburst dendrimers, compound 57 formed stable clathrates with many polar solvent molecules, and it could actually only be isolated and characterized as a complex [2 (57- EtO-Ac (8 H20))]. Because no enantioselective guest-host complex formation could be found, and since compounds of type 57 were poorly soluble, and could thus not be easily handled, we have moved on and developed other systems to investigate how the chirality of the core might be influencing the structure of achiral dendritic elongation units. 

B. (4R,5S)-3-(1-Methoxyethyl)-4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolidinone. A 2-L, threenecked, round-bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer, and a reflux condenser is charged with (4R,5S)-4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolidinone (20.0 g, 84 mmol), ( )-10-camphorsulfonic acid (9.7 g, 42 mmol) (Note 7), and acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal (700 mL) (Note 8). The mixture is heated at gentle reflux in an oil bath (bath temperature 80°C) for 5 hr (Note 9). The mixture is allowed to cool to ambient temperature, then concentrated under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator (Note 10). Ethyl acetate (100 mL) is added to the residue, and the ethyl acetate solution is transferred to a beaker. The solution is neutralized with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL) (Note 11), and transferred into a separatory funnel. The two layers are separated, and the lower aqueous layer is extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL). 

S)-(-)-CITRONELLOL from geraniol. An asymmetrically catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction is used to prepare (1 R)-1,3,4-TRIMETHYL-3-C YCLOHEXENE-1 -CARBOXALDEHYDE with an (acyloxy)borane complex derived from L-(+)-tartaric acid as the catalyst. A high-yield procedure for the rearrangement of epoxides to carbonyl compounds catalyzed by METHYLALUMINUM BIS(4-BROMO-2,6-DI-tert-BUTYLPHENOXIDE) is demonstrated with a preparation of DIPHENYL-ACETALDEHYDE from stilbene oxide. A palladium/copper catalyst system is used to prepare (Z)-2-BROMO-5-(TRIMETHYLSILYL)-2-PENTEN-4-YNOIC ACID ETHYL ESTER. The coupling of vinyl and aryl halides with acetylenes is a powerful carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction, particularly valuable for the construction of such enyne systems. 

T. Ooi, K. Maruoka, and H. Yamamoto 95 REARRANGEMENT OF trans-STILBENE OXIDE TO DIPHENYL-ACETALDEHYDE WITH CATALYTIC METHYLALUMINUM BIS(4-BROMO-2,6-DI-tert-BUTYLPHENOXIDE)... 

For example, with the Co-I-PPh catalyst, methyl acetate reacts with synthesis gas to form ethyl acetate. All of the primary and secondary alcohols tested (C thru C ) decompose during long-term operation. The major decomposition products include aldehydes, alkyl iodides, and ethers. Ketones are readily hydrogenated and the resulting alcohols decompose. Good solvents in terms of stability are diphenyl ether and alkanes. The acetaldehyde rate is somewhat low (1.8 M/hr) in diphenyl ether, and the selectivity is low in alkanes. In addition, these solvents do not have good solubility properties, especially in product refining. 

As in the synthesis of other bipyridines, several routes to 4,4 -bipyridine have been devised where one of the pyridine rings is built up from simpler components. For example, a dimer of acrolein reacts with ammonia and methanol in the presence of boron phosphate catalyst at 350°C to give a mixture of products including 4,4 -bipyridine (3.4% yield), and in a reaction akin to ones referred to with other bipyridines, 4-vinylpyridine reacts with substituted oxazoles in the presence of acid to give substituted 4,4 -bipyridines. ° ° Condensation of isonicotinaldehyde with acetaldehyde and ammonia at high temperatures in the presence of a catalyst also affords some 4,4 -bipyridine, and related processes give similar results,whereas pyran derivatives can be converted to 4,4 -bipyridine (56% conversion), for example, by reaction with ammonia and air at 350°C with a nickel-alumina catalyst. Likewise, 2,6-diphenyl-4-(4-pyridyl)pyrylium salts afford 2,6-... 

Different results were reported for the photolysis of dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazines. 3,6-Diphenyl-l,4-dihydro-l,2,4,5-tetrazine (80) afforded 3,5-diphenyl-l,2,4-triazole (124) on photolysis (70T2619,69JOC199), while the 3,6-dimethyl-1,6-dihydro compound (125) yielded acetaldehyde azine (126) and nitrogen on photolysis, as in the thermolysis reaction (72HCA1404). 

The etcroospocific character of this reaction was indicated by the nature of produets secured from cw- and (rana-stilbeue oxides. Whereas the former afforded only deeoxybenzoin, (he latter yielded diphenyl-acetaldehyde exclusively (Eq. 492). T njike acid-catalyzed migrations to electron-deficient centers, therefore, the base-catalyzed epoxide jiuimerizations under scrutiny appear to involve cis-migratioa and fronts attack upon an anionic center. 39... 

Adsorbent choice. The choice of adsorbent material depends on the volatile compounds in the food. Of the synthetic porous polymers, the most widely used and best overall adsorbent is Tenax TA (poly-2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide) 60 to 80 mesh. While Tenax does not show an adsorption capacity for all volatiles, especially very small polar compounds such as acetaldehyde, it has good thermal stability and desorption capabilities. It also traps little water and generates very few artifacts. Table G1.2.2 shows a few limitations and advantages of various adsorbents, all of which can be purchased from chromatography suppliers. If very small volatiles are the goal, various Carbosieves could be used, or traps containing several adsorbents in series. Traps with mixed adsorbents should be desorbed immediately, before transfer between phases occurs. 

Further Reduction to a Hydrocarbon. In the reduction of benzo-phenone with aluminum ethoxide the formation of 7% of diphenyl-methane was observed. When benzohydrol was treated with aluminum ethoxide under the same conditions, 28% reduction to diphenylmethane occurred.12 In these reactions acetic acid, rather than acetaldehyde,-was formed from the ethoxide. Aluminum isopropoxide does not give this type of undesirable reaction with this reagent, pure benzohydrol is easily obtained in 100% yield from benzophenone.6 37 However, one case of reduction of a ketone to the hydrocarbon has been observed with aluminum isopropoxide.17 When 9, 9-dimethylanthrone-10 (XU) was reduced in xylene solution, rather than in isopropyl alcohol, to avoid formation of the ether (see p. 190), the hydrocarbon XUII was formed in 65% yield. The reduction in either xylene or isopropyl alcohol was very slow, requiring two days for completion. 

Aminothiazole, with acetaldehyde, 42 to 2-mercaptothiazoie, 370 4-Aminothiazole-2,5-diphenyl, to 2,5 di-phenyl-A-2-thiazoline-4-one, 421 Ammothiazoie-A -oxide, 118 2-Aminothiazoles. 12 acidity of, 90 and acrylophenone, 42 acylations of, with acetic acid. 53 with acetic anhydride, 52 with acyl halides, 48 with chloracetyl chloride, 49 with-y-chlorobutyrylchloride, 50 with 0-chloropropionylchloride, 50 with esters, 53 with ethy acrylate, 54 with indoiyl derivatives, 48 with malonic esters, 55 with malonyl chloride, 49 with oxalyl chloride, 50 with sodium acetate, 52 with unsaturated acyl chloride, 49 additions to double bonds, 40 with aldehydes, 98 alkylations, with alcohols, 38 with benzyhydryl chloride, 34 with benzyl chloride, 80 with chloracetic acid, 33 with chloracetic esters, 33 with 2-chloropropionic acid, 32 with dialkylaminoalkyl halides, 33 with dimethylaminoethylchloride, 35 with ethylene oxide, 34, 38... 

Treatment of I.l-diphonyl 1.2-ep< y fthanc with Afgueoua acid yxolds diphenyl-acetaldehyde ae the majoa product Propose a moiduinLsia for the raaction. 

---