A Tables and Formulae

Hald A (1960) Statistical tables and formulas. Wiley, New York... 

The early test methods for determining the ultraviolet protective effects of clothing involved exposing volunteers to ultraviolet radiation until their skin reddened (erythema) to a specific degree. Fortunately, instrumental methods of evaluation have been developed that eliminate the need for sunburned assistants. AATCC Test Method 183-20005 determines the transmittance of ultraviolet light through fabric samples. Through the use of established tables and formulas, the UPF is calculated. 

Detailed directions for computing the viscosity index are published by the American Society for Testing and Materials [26]. For oils of viscosity not greater than 70 cs at 100 C and viscosity index not over 100 there is a table of values for L and H. For oils of viscosity greater than 70 cs at 100 C and for oils of viscosity index above 100, special computational formulas have been developed. These tables and formulas were adopted by ASTM in 1977. Prior to that the two fixed temperatures for the viscosity index were 100 and 210 F. Examination of Eqn 4-36 reveals that the value of the viscosity index does not depend on the units in which the viscosities are reported, since the factor for conversion to centistokes occurs in both the numerator and the denominator of the formula. The temperature interval and the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the series of reference oils are the two principal basic influences on the general nature of the viscosity index. 

Your CD has the Table 2.4 spreadsheet, with formulas as indicated in the table. You can substitute specific weights of water in air, obtained from a flask, pipet, or buret, in cell B at the temperature of measurement to obtain the calculated calibration volume at temperature, T, and for 20°C. We describe the use of spreadsheets in Chapter 3. The CD also has a table and figure of the percent error for weight in vacuum as a function of sample density. 

Many process industries use special scales of fluid density, which are usually referred to as gravities. Some are the American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity for oil and petroleum products (Prob. 1.5), Brix gravity for the sugar industry, and Baume gravity for sulfuric acid. Each scale is directly convertible to density, and conversion tables and formulas are widely available. Specific gravities of gases also are used they are based on the density of air at 1 atm and a specific temperature (usually 4 C, sometimes 60 or 70 F). 

These describe the acute inhaiation risk from substances that can give off harmful vapors, indicating the speed with which the STEL (see above) is reached under standardized conditions of evaporation. The more rapid the accumulation, the greater the risk of inhaling a harmful concentration of vapor released into the air. The corresponding values in the RIR index are shown beiow (for the method of calcuiation, see the chapter Tables and Formulas). 

Mackay, R. 2004. The Practical Pumping Handbook. Oxford, U.K. Elsevier. As the title suggests, this is a very practical treatment of pumping, piping, and seals. Unlike some other similar works, Mackay s work explores pump selection and pmchasing, troubleshooting, and maintenance, in addition to more standard content on the topic. Contains conversion tables and formulae and a brief bibliography at the end of the volume. 

The 85th Edition includes updates and expansions of several tables, such as Aqueous Solubility of Organic Compounds, Thermal Conductivity of Liquids, and Table of the Isotopes. A new table on Azeotropic Data for Binary Mixtures has been added, as well as tables on Index of Refraction of Inorganic Crystals and Critical Solution Temperatures of Polymer Solutions. In response to user requests, several topics such as Coefficient of Friction and Miscibility of Organic Solvents have been restored to the Handbook. The latest recommended values of the Fundamental Physical Constants, released in December 2003, are included in this edition. Finally, the Appendix on Mathematical Tables has been revised by Dr. Daniel Zwillinger, editor of the CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulae it includes new information on factorials, Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, orthogonal polynomials, statistical formulas, and other topics. 

Flavor Formulas. Tables 7 and 8 give examples of modem flavor formulas. In Table 7 formula A is composed of fmit juice concentrate and essence distilled or extracted from the fmit juice. It is all natural and all from the named fmit, and is therefore termed a "natural flavor." It has a characterizing natural flavor. In Formula B the flavor is all natural, but is not all from the named fmit, ie, the fortifier is all natural but is not totally derived from the named fmit. Since the fortifier simulates, resembles, or reinforces the named flavor, eg, apple or pineapple, the flavor must be called "flavor with other natural flavors." It has a natural flavor with characterizing naturals added. Formula C is composed of both natural and artificial components with the natural usage outweighing the artificial. Therefore, it is a "flavor natural and artificial." It has a characterizing natural and artificial flavor. 

The manufacturing instructions and formula for a typical commercial resole to be used in a plywood adhesive application are shown in Table 2. Such resin... 

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