A hydroxyproline

Hydroxyproline-derived polyesters represent a specific embodiment of the synthetic concepts described in Fig. la. The successful synthesis of a hydroxyproline-derived polyester was first reported by Kohn and Langer in 1987 (12). Thereafter, several of these new polyesters were investigated in detail by Yu and Lange (21-23). 

Collagen has a most unusual amino acid composition in which glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline are the dominant amino acids. Further characterization of the polypeptide chains shows that these amino acids are arranged in a repetitious tripeptide sequence, Gly-X-Y, in which X is frequently a proline and Y is frequently a hydroxyproline. This unusual amino acid sequence and the unique diffraction pat-... 

Hydroxyproline Standard Solution (600 p.g/mL) Transfer 60 mg of trans-A-hydroxyproline (Sigma, or equivalent) accurately weighed, into a 100-mL volumetric flask. Dissolve and dilute to volume with water. The solution is stable for up to 2 months at 4°. 

Hlastin is a hydroxyproline containing protein of connective tissue. Unlike collagen, elastin does not form a triple helix. With a vitamin deficiency elaslin continues to be produced and secreted from the cell, but in an underhydroxylated state. The function of the hydroxyl group in eJastin is not dear. 

Oxaceprol, a hydroxyproline derivative, has been used to treat osteoarthritis (1,2). Gastrointestinal reactions, nervous system reactions (headache, dizziness), and skin reactions have been reported (3), but oxaceprol is reportedly tolerated at least as well as diclofenac (1) or better (2). 

More unusual forms of 0-glycosylation, such as linkages of fucose and GlcNAc via phosphate to serine and of a pentasaccharide to a hydroxyproline of the cytoplasmic Skpl protein. 

Fig. 7.4 Catalytic action of proline hydroxylase. One atom of oxygen gas (red) oxidizes ketoglutarate and appears in succinate along with COr The other oxygen atom forms a Fe3+-OH complex attached to the enzyme. When Fe3+ is reduced by ascorbate, H+ dissociates and the O-1 species (red) is released to a proline residue in the polypeptide, forming a hydroxyproline residue. The enzymes recognize prolyl- or lysyl residue sequence motifs described in the text (From Fig. 11.3 in Biochemistry, L. Stryer,...

B17. Bourrillon, R., and Vemay, J. L., Deux glycopeptides a hydroxyproline dans I urine humaine normale. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 117, 319-330 (1966). 

Dl. Dahl, O., and Persson, K-A., Hydroxyproline, methodolo cal studies of analysis. Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 2499-2503 (1963). 

LIO. LeRoy, E. C., and Sjoerdsma, A., Clinical significance of a hydroxyproline-containing protein in human plasma. J. Clin. Invest. 44, 914-919 (1965). 

There are no reports of the Hamaker constant (A) for CAJ in the literature, and its determination will be considered in our future works. Nevertheless, it is knovm that CAJ particles consist of molecular aggregates and cellular debris, which in turn is made up of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (Beveridge, 1997). Rodin and Izmailova (Rodin and Izmailova, 1996) reported a value of A = 1 X 10 J (0.243 k T) for a hydroxyproline-rich... 

M. J. Kieliszewski, M. O Neill, J. Leykam. R. Orlando. Tandem mass spectrometry and structural elucidation of glycopeptides from a hydroxyproline-rich plant cell wall glycoprotein indicate that contiguous hydroxyproline residues are the major sites of hydroxyproline O-arabinosylation. Jour. Biol. Chem. 1995,270, 2541-2549. 

Allen, A.K. Neuberger, A. (1973) The Purification and Properties of the Lectin from Potato Tubers, a Hydroxyproline-containing Glycoprotein , Biochemical Journal, 135, 307-14... 

Gottlieb, A.A., Peterkofsky, B., Udenfriend, S. Use of collagenase to identify enzymatically formed collagen and a hydroxyproline-deficient intermediate. J. biol. Chem. 240, 3099-3103 (1965)... 

Lamport, D. T. A. Hydroxyproline in primary cell walls of higher plants. Nature 180, 665 (I960). 

A hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein is secreted by suspension-cultured sycamore cells into their culture medium (75). The carbohydrate component of the glycoprotein is an arabinogalactan. The structure of the arabinogalactan portion of this glycoprotein has been studied by methylation analysis and found to be structurally similar to a protein-free arabinogalactan which is also present in the culture medium of suspension-cultured sycamore cells (see Section IV F). 

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