18S rDNA

Moon-van da Staay, S.Y. De Wachta, R. Vaulot, D. (2001) Oceanic 18S rDNA sequences from picoplankton reveal unsuspeaed eukaryotic diversity. Nature, 409, 607-10. 

Giribet, G., Distel, D.L., Polz, M., Sterrer, W. and Wheeler, W.C. (2000) Triploblastic relationships with emphasis on the acoelomates and the position of Gnathostomulida, Cycliophora, Plathelminthes, and Chaetognatha a combined approach of 18S rDNA sequences and morphology. Systematic Biology 49, 539. 

Halanych, K. M., Convergence in the feeding apparatus of lophophorates and pterobranch hemichor-dates revealed by 18S rDNA an interpretation, Biol. Bull., 190, 1, 1996. 

Wollscheid, E. and Wagele, H., Initial results on the molecular phytogeny of the Nudibranchia (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) based on 18S rDNA data, Mol. Phylogenetics Evol., 13, 215, 1999. 

Fig. 1 Maximum-likelihood phytogeny (fastD-NAml) of 17 Phaeocystis species/strains and other prymnesiophytes inferred from 18S rDNA. The class Pavlovophyceae was used as outgroup. Bootstrap values are placed on the nodes that are identical from ML/NJ/MP analyses. The scale bar corresponds to two base changes per 100 nucleotides. Redrawn from Lange et al. (2002)...

A molecular clock has been constructed from our 18S rDNA tree and calibrated with fossil dates from the haptophyte coccolithophorid species (Fig. 4). Our molecular clock calculations indicate... 

SIM Species identification in mesocosms 18S rDNA probe assessment of Phaeocystis species growing in 2003 Norwegian mesocosm this study... 

Fell [202] extensively discuss the problem of using Saccharomycetales instead of the older order Endomycetales. The order Dipodascales was already introduced by Batra [204], However, based on molecular characteristics, many genera suggested by Batra cannot be included into this order. Additional complete 18S rDNA sequences are necessary to corroborate the orders Dipodascales, Lipomycetales and Stephanoascales [203],... 

Hortaea werneckii is a dimorphic black yeast which exclusively causes tinea nigra palmaris on one or both hands or on the sole. It is restricted to tropical, subtropical and mediterranean areas [80]. H. werneckii is halotolerant having its natural habitat in salty environments [306]. Complete sequences of the 18S rDNA (fig. 3) [89] as well as partial sequences of the 26S rDNA suggest a relationship of H. werneckii with the Dothideales. 

Interestingly, the cleistothecial powdery mildew Blumeria graminis (fig. 3 Erysiphales) clusters with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum [319]. Additional complete 18S rDNA sequences of powdery mildew fungi are necessary to clarify the phylogenetic relationship between Erisyphales and Leotiales. It is, however, remarkable that many representatives of the Leotiales have asci with thick-walled apices [Oberwinkler, pers. commun.]. 

C. laurentii is an additional species of clinical importance (pulmonary abscess) which belongs to the Tremellales [24, 80, 262, 381]. Based on partial 26S rDNA and complete 18S rDNA sequences, the genus Cryptococcus is polyphyletic and occurs in at least five different clades of the Tremellales, and within the Cystofilobasidiales [24, 381] (fig. 4). 

Suh S-O, NakaseT Phylogenetic analysis of the ballistosporous anamorphic genera Udenomyces and Bullera, and related basidiomycetous yeasts, based on 18S rDNA sequence. Microbiology 1995 141 901-906. 

Landvik S, Eriksson OE, Gargas A, Gustafsson P Relationships of the genus Neolecta (Neolectales ordo nov.) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences. Systema Ascomycetum 1993 11 107-118. 

Sjamsuridzal W, Nishida H, Ogawa H, Kakishima M, Sugiyama J Phylogenetic positions of mst fimgi parasitic on ferns Evidence from 18S rDNA sequence analysis. Mycoscience 1999 40 21-27. 

Takashima M, Nakase T Molecular phylogeny of the genus Cryptococcus and related species based on the sequences of 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer regions. Microbiol Cult Coll 1999 15 35 7. 

When did the drastic host shift happen Berbee and Taylor (1993) analyzed the evolutionary history of radiation of the true fungi, in which the nucleotide substitution rate of fungal 18S rDNA was estimated to be around 1% per 100 MYA. By superimposing this rate on our data, the age of the host shift, presumably at the base of the truffle-cicada clade, was calculated to be 43 + 13 MYA. 

Campbell, B.C. et al.. Evolutionary origin of whiteflies (Hemiptera Stemorrhyncha Aleyrodidae) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences, Insect Mol. Biol. 3, 73, 1994. 

Oldach, D.W. et al.. Heteroduplex mobility assay-guided sequence discovery elucidation of the small subunit (18S) rDNA sequences of Pfiesteria piscicida and related dinoflagellates from complex algal culture and environmental sample DNA pools, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 4303, 2000. 

Lin, S. et al.. Low abundance distribution of Pfiesteria piscicida in pacific and western atlantic as detected by mtDNA-18S rDNA real-time polymerase chain reaction, J. Plankton Res. 28, 667, 2006. 

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