Zeeman effect/interaction

Not only can electronic wavefiinctions tell us about the average values of all the physical properties for any particular state (i.e. above), but they also allow us to tell us how a specific perturbation (e.g. an electric field in the Stark effect, a magnetic field in the Zeeman effect and light s electromagnetic fields in spectroscopy) can alter the specific state of interest. For example, the perturbation arising from the electric field of a photon interacting with the electrons in a molecule is given within die so-called electric dipole approximation [12] by ... 

A nucleus in a state with spin quantum number 7 > 0 will interact with a magnetic field by means of its magnetic dipole moment p. This magnetic dipole interaction or nuclear Zeeman effect may be described by the Hamiltonian... 

Fig. 4.9 Magnetic dipole splitting (nuclear Zeeman effect) in pe and resultant Mossbauer spectrum (schematic). The mean energy of the nuclear states is shifted by the electric monopole interaction which gives rise to the isomer shift 5. Afi. g = Sg/tN and A M,e = refer to the...

The nuclear Zeeman effect is not a very strong interaction as compared to electric quadrupole splitting because of the relatively weak nuclear magneton. A field of B... 

Zeeman effect The interaction of energy levels of an atom or molecule with an external magnetic field. The Zeeman interaction changes the energy of the p-orbitals in the atom. 

The magnetic hyperfine splitting, the Zeeman effect, arises from the interaction between the nuclear magnetic dipole moment and the magnetic field H at the nucleus. This interaction gives rise to six transitions the separation between the peaks in the spectrum is proportional to the magnetic field at the nucleus. 

Zeeman effects 393 Zeeman energy 111, 113 Zeeman field 411 Zeeman Hamiltonian 46 Zeeman interaction 59, 79, 248 Zeeman limit 49-50 Zeolite 307, 310... 

The observation of natural ORD or CD requires lack of symmetry in the molecule, but any molecule may exhibit magnetic circular dichroism (MCD). It constitutes a molecular analogy for the Zeeman effect in atomic spectra. Measurements in this area may well reveal substituent interactions which are masked in normal UV spectra. Extensive definitive papers of great interest which well illustrate this have appeared on MCD of pyridine derivatives, measured in cyclohexane, acetonitrile, and alcohol or aqueous acidic solutions for protonated... 

An electronic singlet S state (L = 0) does not interact at all with a magnetic field. In Figure 2, the Zeeman effect on an electronic transition between an atomic S state and a P state with zero spin is sketched. Radiative electric dipole transitions can occur between all three Zeeman sublevels of the P state and the S state, thus giving rise to three (closely spaced) spectral lines. 

Abstract. Following a suggestion of Kostelecky et al. we have evaluated a test of CPT and Lorentz invariance from the microwave spectrosopy of muonium. Precise measurements have been reported for the transition frequencies U12 and 1/34 for ground state muonium in a magnetic field H of 1.7 T, both of which involve principally muon spin flip. These frequencies depend on both the hyperfine interaction and Zeeman effect. Hamiltonian terms beyond the standard model which violate CPT and Lorentz invariance would contribute shifts <5 12 and <5 34. The nonstandard theory indicates that P12 and 34 should oscillate with the earth s sidereal frequency and that 5v 2 and <5 34 would be anticorrelated. We find no time dependence in m2 — vza at the level of 20 Hz, which is used to set an upper limit on the size of CPT and Lorentz violating parameters. 

As with the Zeeman interaction discussed earlier, (1.43) is usually contracted to the space-fixed p = 0 component. An extremely important difference, however, is that in contrast to the nuclear spin Zeeman effect, the Stark effect in a 1Z state is second-order, which means that the electric field mixes different rotational levels. This aspect is thoroughly discussed in the second half of chapter 8 the second-order Stark effect is the engine of molecular beam electric resonance studies, and the spectra, such as that of CsF discussed earlier, are usually recorded in the presence of an applied electric field. 

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