Yeast, lipid composition

Beltran, G., Novo, M., Guillamon, J. M., Mas, A., Rozes, N. (2008) Effect of fermentation temperature and culture media on the yeast lipid composition and wine volatile compounds. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 121, 169-177. 

Triglycerides, lecithin, and ergosterol are the main constituents of yeast lipid (feu. Oleic and palmitic acids predominate in yeast fet. These resemble the composition of common vegetable fats. Ergosterol. the precursor of calciferol (vitamin D2) varies from 1 to 3% of yeast dry matter. 

Aguilera, R, Peinado, R.A., Millan, C., Ortega, J.M., Mauricio, J.C. (2006). Relationship between ethanol tolerance, H+-ATPase activity and the lipid composition of the plasma membrane in different wine yeast strains. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 110, 34-42. 

Hekmat D, Bauer R, Fricke J (2003) Optimization of the microbial synthesis of dihydroxyacetone from glycerol with Gluconobacter oxydans. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 26 109-116 Huffer S, Clark ME, Ning JC, Blanch HW, Clark DS (2011) Role of alcohols in growth, lipid composition, and membrane fluidity of yeasts, bacteria, and archaetu Appl Environ Microbiol... 

Paltauf F, Schatz G. Promitochondria of anaerohically grown yeast. II. Lipid composition. Biochemistry 1969 8 335-339. 

Latoud, C., F. Peypoux, and G. Michel Action of Iturin A, an Antifungal Antibiotic from Bacillus subtilis, on the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Modifications of Membrane Permeability and Lipid Composition. J. Antibiotics 40, 1588 (1987). Latoud, C., F. Peypoux, and G. Michel Action of Iturin A on Membrane Vesicles from Saccharomyces cervisiae Activation of Phospholipases A and B Activities by Picomolar Amounts of Iturin A. J. Antibiotics 41, 1699 (1988). 

Schneiter, R. Brugger, B. Sandhoff, R. Zellnig, G. Leber, A. Lampl, M. Athenstaedt, K. Hrastnik, C. Eder, S. Daum, G. Paltauf, F. Wieland, F. T. Kohlwein, S. D. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis of the lipid molecular species composition of yeast subcellular membranes reveals acyl chain-based sorting/remodeling of distinct molecular species en route to the plasma membrane. J. Cell Biol. 1999,146,741-754. 

Four different strains of transformed F. lipolytica have been established in this study. Table 12.2 shows comparison of fatty acid composition in their lipids. The fungal A12-desaturase gene was introduced into yeast cells, generating a new yeast strain, Polg(pYLdl2). Fatty acid analysis showed that the percentage of LA in the cellular... 

Incubations with Cloned, Expressed Enzymes Individual UGT enzymes have been expressed in a wide variety of systems including insect cells (Supersomes or Baculosomes), Escherichia coli, yeast, and mammalian cells. Zakim and Dannenberg have demonstrated that the lipid membrane composition can influence activity (Zakim, 1992). There tends to be excellent protein expression insect cells transfected with baculovirus, but when activity is measured compared to mammalian cells systems, there appears to be significant amounts of inactive protein due to either poor membrane insertion or improper folding (lack of chaperones ). Bacteria do not have an ER, but alteration of the signal sequence results in active membrane bound preparations. Yeast and mammalian cells such as HEK293 or V79 cells have a more typical membrane environment and may be preferable for expression of ER proteins. 

Although the composition and structure of mammalian (mainly erythrocyte and myelin) membranes has received extensive study, little attention has been paid to the membranes of yeasts, fungi and protozoa. Extraction of lipids from these organisms suggest similarities in overall structure, although cholesterol, which has an almost universal distribution in mammalian cells was replaced by other sterols, e.g. ergosterol (14) in yeasts and fungi [126]. The presence of... 

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