Gluconobacter oxydans

In case of primary alcohol substrates, biooxidation can also proceed to the carboxylic acid, enabling a facile separation of the chiral products by simple extraction. Whole-cells of Gluconobacter oxydans were utilized to produce S-2-phenylpro-panoic acid and R-2-phenylpropionic alcohol in excellent yields and optical purities (Scheme 9.4) [46]. 

Deoxy-4-fluoro-D-fructose (552) was prepared (59%) by fermentation of 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-mannitol with Gluconobacter oxydans. The structure of 552 (fi-T) form) was confirmed by the n.m.r. spectrum, which resembles that of 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-Q -D-sorbopyranose (553) 552 was identical with one of the products obtained from the oxirane-ring opening of 3,4-anhy-dro-l,2-0-isopropylidene- -D-tagatopyranose with KHFj. 

Battey, A.S. and Schaffner, D.W. (2001) Modelling bacterial spoilage in cold-filled ready to drink beverages by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Gluconobacter oxydans Journal of Applied Microbiology 91(2), 237-247. 

Tkac et al. [16] Ethanol Off-line monitoring of S. cerevisiae batch fermentation Alcohol oxidase (AOx) in Gluconobacter oxydans cells/covered with a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane Glassy carbon electrode/ +300mV vs. SCE Ferricyanide... 

Olijve, V. and Kock, J. J. (1979). Analysis of growth of Gluconobacter oxydans in glucose containing media. Arch. Microbiol. 121, 283-290. 

Gluco-oligosaccharides (GlcOS) can be made by the action of an enzyme, dextran dextrinase produced by Gluconobacter oxydans on maltodextrins. They have been made in whole-cell bioreactors [104] and evaluated in fecal batch cultures [105] and in three-stage gut models [106]. Mountzouris et al. [104] used methylation analysis to determine the linkages of... 

Sauerkraut Cabbage Gluconobacter oxydans Lactobacillus plantarum L. brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides... 

Deppenmeir, U. and Ehrenreich, A. (2009). Physiology of acetic acid bacteria in light of the genome sequence of Gluconobacter oxydans. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16,69-80. 

Figure 16.2-41. Oxidation of N-protected 1-amino-D-sorbi-tol to 6-amino-L-sorbose using Gluconobacter oxydans.

With Gluconobacter oxydans, growing cells were found to be more effective than resting cells. Furthermore, galactitol adaptation gave a notable increase in tagatose yield. 

Figure 16.2-45. Preparation of isovaleraldehyde using an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans.

Figure 16.2-47. Resolution of racemic (R,S)-2-phenylpropionic alcohol with whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans yielding (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid and (R)-2-phenylpropionic alcohol.

An example of aldehyde formation is the production of isovaleraldehyde by Gluconobacter oxydans R (Fig. 16.2-45) 202, 206. Glycerol-grown Gluconobacter oxydans slowly oxidizes 3-methyl-l-butanol to isovaleraldehyde, with yields of over 90%. The product was recovered by bisulphite trapping or cold traps 202. Extractive bioconversion in a hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor allowed continuous produc-... 

Besides the multigram-scale production of different aliphatic carboxylic acids by biocatalytic alcohol oxidation, especially the enantioselective oxidation of racemic 2-phenyl-l-propanol to (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid with Gluconobacter oxydans (Fig. 16.2-47) is another good example of acid production from alcohols12091. 

Nandnri VB, Banerjee A, Howell JM, et al. Pnrification of a stereospecific 2-ketorednctase from Gluconobacter oxydans. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25, 171, 2000. 

---