Xylylene amine

The Hofmann elimination is a classic route to olefins via alkylammonium hydroxides from amines. In the present instance it is employed in the generation of />-xylylene, a... 

EDA etching of [DIAMINES AND HIGHER AMINES ALIPHATIC] (Vol 8) -byVDP [XYLYLENE POLYMERS] (Supplement)... 

Several studies have demonstrated the successful incorporation of [60]fullerene into polymeric structures by following two general concepts (i) in-chain addition, so called pearl necklace type polymers or (ii) on-chain addition pendant polymers. Pendant copolymers emerge predominantly from the controlled mono- and multiple functionalization of the fullerene core with different amine-, azide-, ethylene propylene terpolymer, polystyrene, poly(oxyethylene) and poly(oxypropylene) precursors [63.64.65.66.67 and 68]. On the other hand, (-CggPd-) polymers of the pearl necklace type were formed via the periodic linkage of [60]fullerene and Pd monomer units after their initial reaction with the/ -xylylene diradical [69,70 and 71]. 

Flynn and Michl have obtained o-xylylene from the low-temperature photoelimination of nitrogen from 1,4-dihydrophthalazine. On the basis of trapping experiments with a secondary amine, DeGraff, Gillespie, and Sundberg have suggested that the species shown below is formed in the flash photolysis of phenyl azide it had a lifetime of 5 ms in the absence of the amine. 

The catalysts can be prepared by coelectrospinning of poly(amido amine) dendrimers and poly(ethylene oxide). These nanofibers can be coated with poly(/ -xylylene) by chemical vapor deposition. 

The removal of the poly(ethylene oxide) fiber material can be achieved by extraction with water. Eventually, poly(amido amine) dendrimers that are entrapped in the poly(p-xylylene) tubes are obtained. These entrapped dendrimers exhibit a high catalytic activity as reusable organocatalysts [108]. 

An alternative approach to develop cross-linked photoresponsive polymers for use as photochromic coatings (47) relies on the quatemization of the amine groups of IV-methyldiethanolamine polyterephthalate by a mixture of bis(2,5-dimethyl-4-chloromethyl-3-thienyl)-l,3-dioxol-2-one and p- or m-xylylene dichloride in different ratios [92]. The coatings obtained using this method exhibit photochromic behavior, although some examples of the ring-closed forms did bleach back to the ring-open isomers when stored in the dark. 

Arylyl Amines. These amines have cycloaliphatic or aromatic backbones, but the amine fimctional groups are separated from the backbone by methylene groups (benzylic amines). Consequently, arylyl amines are much more reactive toward epoxies than aromatic amines while having improved thermal and chemical resistance over aliphatic amines. Fast cures at ambient and sub-ambient are possible with arylyl amines. These amines are more widely used in Japan and Europe than in North America. Meta-Xylylene diamine (MXDA) and its hydrogenated product, l,3-bis(aminomethyl cyclohexane) (1,3-BAC) are popular arylyl amines. 

In the recent past, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization of substituted [2,2]paracyclophanes has been instrumental in creating a wide array of functionalized poly(p-xylylenes) with a diverse class of functional groups, such as amines (15,16), esters (17-19) and alcohols (7,2(9,27), which facilitate... 

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