Xenon tests

Xenon fluorides, 77 323-325 binary, 77 335-336 Xenon-gold cations, 77 332 Xenon halides, 77 323-325 Xenon hexafluoride, 7 7 325, 329 uses for, 7 7 336 Xenon ion lasers, 74 685 Xenon isotopes, in fission reactors, 77 375 Xenon oxide difiuoride, 77 326 Xenon oxide fluorides, 7 7 326 Xenon oxides, 77 325-326 Xenon oxide tetrafluoride, 77 326 Xenon testing, in plastics weathering, 79 584-585... 

In Figure 28 are pictures of Q-Labs (34) model Xe-1 (A) and Xe-3 (B), Q-Sun Xenon Test Chambers which meet ICH Option 1 requirements. The Xe-1 is a stand-alone tabletop unit, which employs an 1800W long-arc air-cooled xenon lamp as its source as shown in the schematic diagram in item (C). Item (D) is a diagram of the Xe-3 unit which employs three of the lamp units. Each unit operates independent of the others. 

Figure 28 Q-SUN xenon test chambers (A) Q-Sun/1000, tabletop model shown atop Its optional chiller chamber and (B) a diagram of its optical system, (C) its Q-Sun/3000 full-size chamber and (D) the 3000 s optical system. Source-. Courtesy of Q-Lab Corporation.

Figure 42 is a map of a tabletop long-arc, air-cooled approximately IkW, xenon test chamber. When the chamber was set at 550 W/m, he calculated that the ICH recommended levels would be reached in 9.7 hours and 6.7 hours for VIS and UV-A, respectively. He noted a rise in temperature and drop in humidity with this basic unit. 

Figure 42 UVA and VIS uniformity maps of a xenon test chamber. Source-. Courtesy of Jay C. Bmmfield and Pfizer Ltd.

FIGURE 17.6 Performance of a combination of a low molecular weight HALS (LMW-HALS-1) and a high molecular weight HALS (HMW-HALS-2) in an accelerated weathering test (Xenon test 1200, BPT 53°C, no water spraying) and in Florida [122]. 

Light fastness properties were measured according to ISO 105 B02. Samples were subjected, for 32 h, to artificial light at 420 nm and irradiance of 0.65 W/m. For this purpose, a Q-SUN XENON test chamber was used. 

High visibility clothing EN 471 2003 Specification for high visibility warning clothing ISO 105-602 1999, Method 3 ISO 105 Colour after xenon test Colour fastness (rubbing, perspiration, laundered, dry cleaned, hypochlorite bleached, and hot pressed)... 

Paint grade cerium sulfide pigments exhibit very good durability in both the xenon test and outdoor exposure. In QUV-A testing, however, the humidity conditions of the experiment are too severe to be representative of outdoor exposure. 

The xenon test method showed very poor correlation to VS4W outdoor data, despite significant experimentation see Fig. 9.1. The decision was made to drop further xenon tests from the program. 

Based on the findings of accelerated weathering by xenon tests and natural (outdoor) weathering for films of LLDPE and LDPE resins, it was concluded that PE films containing additives, particularly hindered amine stabilisers (HAS), have a UV stability four times higher than the corresponding pure films [43]. 

Xenon Test Chambers reproduce the full spectrum of sunlight, including ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. Shown here are is the Q-Sun from Q-Lab Corporation... 

Most xenon arc testers simulate the effects of moisture through water spray and/or humidity control systems. The limitation of water spray is that when relatively cold water is sprayed onto a relatively hot test specimen, the specimen cools down. This may slow down the degradation. However water spray is very useful for simulating thermal shock and erosion. In a xenon arc, highly purified water is necessary to prevent water spotting. Because humidity can affect the degradation type and rate of certain indoor products, such as many textiles and inks, control of relative humidity is recommended in many test specifications. Modern xenon test chambers are available with relative humidity control. 

Xenon Test Chamber Configurations Static-Array Schematic... 

Both the static-array xenon test chamber and rotating-dmm xenon chambers simulate the effects of outdoor moisture by spraying water onto the test specimens. This method is especially good for simulating the effects of thermal shock or mechanical erosion. In the static-array, test specimens are mounted on a flat specimen tray which is tilted at 5 ° from horizontal. The static-array s water spray covers the specimens uniformly and, because of the near horizontal position of the specimens, the water does not quickly mn off. In the static-array, specimens stay wet during the entire moisture cycle. 

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