Wine industry composites

The production of sherry types of wines has been a feature of the California wine industry for about 100 years. The chapter on their production emphasizes the new technology of submerged-yeast culture that has been developed to produce distinctive types of wine. Information on their composition during production is also included. 

Godden, P., Gishen, M. (2005) Xrends in the composition of Australian wine. Australian New Zealand Wine Industry Journal, 20(5), 21 6. 

Smyth, H., Cozzolino, D., Herderich, M. J., Sefton, M. A., Francis, 1. L. (2005) Relating volatile composition to wine aroma Identification of key aroma compounds in Australian white wines. In R. J Blair, P. J. Williams, I. S. Pretoiius (Eds.), Proceedings of the Twelfth Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference, Melbourne, Australia (pp. 31-33). Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference Inc. Adelaide, SA. 

Airado-Rodnguez, D., Duran-Meras, L, Galeano-Diaz, T., Wold, J. P. (2011). Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy A new tool for control in the wine industry. /. Food Composition Analysis, 24, p>p.257-264, ISSN 0889-1575. 

Fungal-derived glycosidase enzyme preparations have been promoted in the wine industry for the aroma enhancement of wines, and some data on compositional changes resulting from the application of such commercial preparations are available (Cudnat et al. 1992). 

Tredoux, H.G., Kock, J.L.F. and Lategan, P.M. (1987a) The use of cellular long-chain fatty acid composition in the identification of some yeasts associated with the wine industry. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 9, 299-306. 

Makris, D. P., Boskou, G., Andrikopoulos, N. K. (2007). Polyphenolic content and in vitro antioxidant characteristics of wine industry and other agri-food solid waste extracts. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20, 125-132. 

The alloys of titanium utilised in industrial applications have compositional specifications tabulated by ASTM. The ASTM specification number is given in Table 14 for the commercially important alloys. MiUtary specifications are found under MIL-T-9046 and MIL-T-9047, and aerospace material specifications for bar, sheet, tubing, and wine under specification numbers 4900—4980. Every large aircraft company has its own set of alloy specifications. 

A special publication of the Royal Society of Chemistry on Magnetic Resonance in Food Science discusses many aspects of the use of conventional and less conventional NMR methods in food analysis (such as oil, meat, beer, wine, moisture in biopolymers) including multivariate analysis of time domain NMR (TD-NMR) °, the use of an NMR-MOUSE (mobile universal surface explorer) for portable NMR and a review of the challenges in transferring NMR technology to the on-line industrial situation . Quantitative analysis methods of mixtures of fatty compounds by H -NMR are reviewed. Rapid simultaneous determination by H NMR of unsaturation and composition of acyl groups have also been reported in vegetable oils. The use of IR, Raman, NMR, and MS was reviewed for the analysis of polysaccharides related to food. ... 

A second example is provided by the isotopic composition of Pb in wines [183]. Again, compared to the natural isotope signature of Pb in atmospheric dust or soils, the values for the wines are much lower which shows unambiguously that the wines are contaminated with industrial Pb. The possible sources of this Pb are many perhaps the soil solutions were contaminated because of past use of Pb arsenate as a pesticide the grapes may have been contaminated by Pb-rich atmospheric aerosols processing of the grapes, fermentation of the... 

Medicinal use of wine was continuous from ancient times to the beginning of the twentieth century, but its supposed health effects kept changing. In ancient times, direct healing effects were attributed to it, whereas in the last century, the only use was as a solvent to extract or dissolve some ingredients during the preparation of certain pharmaceuticals. However, the composition of wine changes slightly each year, so the pharmaceutical industry discovered that a mixture of water and ethanol... 

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