Windows fixed-length

Deciding how to construct the input layer is application dependent. It is affected by many considerations. Should fixed-length sequence windows or variable-length sequences be used Is there a dependence on positional information Is it intended to search for signal or search for content What is the importance of local information or global information ... 

CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation and traditional fixed-length window analyses... 

We have used several measures of GC heterogeneity the variation among fixed length windows, the sequence compositional complexity al different stringency levels, and the value of the GC corrclograms where top and bottom branches meet (not shown here). I or... 

The Library List window at the top right of Figure 8.5 allows the user to select the mass spectra libraries to be searched. The Min Pre-Search Hits window fixes the minimum number of spectra that will be selected at the end of the pre-research phase (see above). Increasing this value expands the length of the research (a small limitation based on the speed of modem computers) but reduces the risks of nnissing a solution if it exists. 

Solutions Fixed-path length liquid cell with KBr windows Wick cell Best for low-viscosity liquids For small volumes of liquid (1 ptL)... 

Nanotube arrays several microns in length can be fabricated using KF (or NaF with identical results) electrolytes of variable pH [22], a summary of which is presented in Table 5.3. Prior to KF addition, the desired pH was obtained by adding NaOH, sulfuric acid (pH 1-2), sodium hydrogen sulfate, or citric acid (pH 2.5-7.5). The F concentration was held fixed at 0.1 mol/L. In 0.1 mol/L F and 1 mol/L H2SO4 medium, the potential window for nanotube formation is 10-25V (Samples 01 to 08). Outside of this potential range no nanotubes were formed (Samples 01 and 08). In Sample... 

Very popular is the Savitzky-Golay filter As the method is used in almost any chromatographic data processing software package, the basic principles will be outlined hereafter. A least squares fit with a polynomial of the required order is performed over a window length. This is achieved by using a fixed convolution function. The shape of this function depends on the order of the chosen polynomial and the window length. The coefficients b of the convolution function are calculated from ... 

Liquids are usually analysed with cells which have dismountable IR windows. For qualitative analysis, a droplet of the sample is compressed between two NaCl or KBr disks without a divider. However, for quantitative analysis, either Infrasil quartz cells (with an optical path from 1 to 5 cm) or cells that have a variable or fixed width, generally smaller than 1 mm (see Fig. 10.17), can be used. In the mid-infrared, the latter consist of two KBr or NaCl windows with a spacer. The optical path length must be calibrated and periodically controlled. 

Experimental. All photodimerizations were carried out in a stainless steel fixed volume cell (1.75 cm ID with a 1.0 cm path length) with sapphire windows under the irradiation of a Hanovia medium pressure mercury lamp filtered through water and Pyrex for a 13.5 hour exposure. The cell and lamp assembly have been described previously (31). For selected runs a custom built 0.9 mL variable-volume pump was connected to the cell and the pressure was varied to determine the exact location of the phase boundary, based on light scattering measured in a Cary 2290 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Varian Inst.). The spectrophotometer was also used to measure the concentrations of the monomeric cyclohexenone before and after reaction. 

The collection volume (0 = 12mm, length=100 mm) is made of an Aluminium cylinder arid connected to the main stainless capillary. It is placed in the middle of the He pressurized reaction chamber and He gas is fed through a temperature controled bubbler. Diffusion pump aerosols were mainly used in the experiments reported here. For monitoring of the beam, a Faraday cup fixed behind a 4 mg/cm2 Havar window was used. 

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