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Windowed observation

Using sub-ambient temperatures for preparing the protein-ligand equilibrium mixtures and for centrifugation of the GPC spin column, the dissociation rate constant decreases and the off-rate diminishes, thereby expanding the kinetic window observable with GPC spin column screening to even weaker binders with Kd values >20 pM. [Pg.72]

These frameworks therefore demonstrate breathing behaviour that results from rotations and twists of structural units in order to achieve better coordination to bound species. A second type of flexible framework appears to be able to break bonds to permit the uptake of adsorbate molecules. In Ni2(4,4 -bipy)3(N03)4, for example, it is found that the windows observed in the X-ray crystal structure do not limit the size of the molecules that can be adsorbed into internal cavities they must be able to open to permit guest passage. This type of behaviour, which must require selective bond breaking and reforming, begins to resemble that exhibited by some biological systems. These effects of structural response to adsorption are discussed further in Chapter 7. [Pg.60]

However, in the case of biopolymers the processing window observed was very narrow, which in general lays in between the melting and degradation point of the material. For PLA the processing temperature observed was in between 175-190°C imder a screw speed of 40-60... [Pg.408]

The windows observed after opening a general unknown screening data are presented in Fig. 1. [Pg.137]

Interestingly, however, as seen from F ure 6, degradation ceases (at least for the time window observed) when photocurrent flow through the cell is suppressed while all other parameters are maintained. This is a very important observation which has to be discussed in some detail. It explains why accelerated dye sensitized solar cell tests under high-illumination intensity, but under open-circuit conditions (no photocurrent flow), yielded no evident degradation and turnover numbers for electrons of the order of 108. This would be necessary for a solar cell operation of 20 years [17]. Complementarily, experiments in Figure 4 clearly show that when photocurrent flows, the stability of the sensitizer is reduced. This is in agreement with the formula for the half-lifetime of a dye sensitized solar cell which has earlier been proposed [32] ... [Pg.139]

SAN S-coVPh Miscibility window observed corresponding to matched solubility parameters 778... [Pg.178]

When the number of crosslinks increases to the point where the chains between crosslinks are no longer in the Gaussian limit, the retardation spectrum changes dramatically. The glass temperamre for the system is now approached in the experimental temperature window. Observed creep compliances are more like viscoelastic liquids. The breadth of the distribution is narrowed, compared to soft rubber, but is still several decades wide. [Pg.45]

Fig. 19. Scanning and data acquisition modes. Three successive cycles (indicated by 1, 2, 3) are shown for peak hopping and multichannel scanning. In peak hopping, each m/z position is typically monitored for 0.1 s. In multichannel scanning, each scan takes typically 0.01 s per m/z unit in the window observed. Fig. 19. Scanning and data acquisition modes. Three successive cycles (indicated by 1, 2, 3) are shown for peak hopping and multichannel scanning. In peak hopping, each m/z position is typically monitored for 0.1 s. In multichannel scanning, each scan takes typically 0.01 s per m/z unit in the window observed.
Fig. 6.1 shows the cyclic voltammograms (CVs) obtained for an as-deposited diamond electrode in several non-aqueous electrolytes and an aqueous electrolyte (l M H2SO4). In this study, the working potential window is defined as the range between the potentials at which the anodic and cathodic current densities reach 2 mA cm 2 [1] The non-aqueous electrolytes examined exhibit potential windows (Fig. 6.1 (a)-(e)) that are 1.5-2.5 times wider than that obtained in the aqueous acid electrolyte (Fig. 6.1 (0). In aqueous electrolytes, the potential window observed for diamond electrodes is wider than that for the other carbon-based electrodes. In non-aqueous electrolytes, however, those values are very similar to those reported for the other carbon-based electrodes [4]. Fig. 6.1 shows the cyclic voltammograms (CVs) obtained for an as-deposited diamond electrode in several non-aqueous electrolytes and an aqueous electrolyte (l M H2SO4). In this study, the working potential window is defined as the range between the potentials at which the anodic and cathodic current densities reach 2 mA cm 2 [1] The non-aqueous electrolytes examined exhibit potential windows (Fig. 6.1 (a)-(e)) that are 1.5-2.5 times wider than that obtained in the aqueous acid electrolyte (Fig. 6.1 (0). In aqueous electrolytes, the potential window observed for diamond electrodes is wider than that for the other carbon-based electrodes. In non-aqueous electrolytes, however, those values are very similar to those reported for the other carbon-based electrodes [4].
Here presented results were acquainted predominantly by one-channel ten-level AE analyser IOC of the AED Laboratory Brno firm. This device is equipped by ten window threshold levels, defined fi-om top and bottom, the tenth level has not limitation fi-om top. Total dynamic range is 40 dB. The analyser enables continuous observation of total number of counts Nc, or number of counts per time unit and similar. Everything may be observed both in lull measured range and in individual levels. Range of measuring interval is SO ms up to 2500 ms. [Pg.62]

Plot the shape of the contact line pinned to a defect using Eq. X-30 for water on polyethylene, stearic acid, and platinum. Assume that the upper cutoff length is 2 mm. How does the shape of the pinned contact line compare with your observations of raindrops on dirty windows ... [Pg.382]

There are a number of observations to be drawn from the above fomuila the relative uncertainty can be reduced to an arbitrarily small value by increasing T, but because the relative uncertainty is proportional to /s/f, a reduction in relative uncertainty by a factor of two requires a factor of four increase in collection time. The relative uncertainty can also be reduced by reducing At. Flere, it is understood that At is the smallest time window that just includes all of the signal. At can be decreased by using the fastest possible detectors, preamplifiers and discriminators and minimizing time dispersion in the section of the experiment ahead of the detectors. [Pg.1430]

Examples of typical TOF spectra obtained from 4 keV Ar impinging on a Si 100] surface with chemisorbed FI2O and FI2 are shown in figure B 1.23.6 [35]. Peaks due to Ar scattering from Si and recoiled FI, O and Si are observed. The intensities necessary for stnictural analysis are obtamed by integrating the areas of fixed time windows under these peaks. [Pg.1812]

We can sample the energy density of radiation p(v, T) within a chamber at a fixed temperature T (essentially an oven or furnace) by opening a tiny transparent window in the chamber wall so as to let a little radiation out. The amount of radiation sampled must be very small so as not to disturb the equilibrium condition inside the chamber. When this is done at many different frequencies v, the blackbody spectrum is obtained. When the temperature is changed, the area under the spechal curve is greater or smaller and the curve is displaced on the frequency axis but its shape remains essentially the same. The chamber is called a blackbody because, from the point of view of an observer within the chamber, radiation lost through the aperture to the universe is perfectly absorbed the probability of a photon finding its way from the universe back through the aperture into the chamber is zero. [Pg.2]

Eig. 4. Transmission profile for a siUca-based glass fiber. Region A represents electronic transitions B, the transmission window and C, molecular vibrations. Point LL is the lowest loss observed in an optical fiber. Absorption profiles for (-) OH and ( ) Fe are also shown. See text. [Pg.251]

Precisely controllable rf pulse generation is another essential component of the spectrometer. A short, high power radio frequency pulse, referred to as the B field, is used to simultaneously excite all nuclei at the T,arm or frequencies. The B field should ideally be uniform throughout the sample region and be on the order of 10 ]ls or less for the 90° pulse. The width, in Hertz, of the irradiated spectral window is equal to the reciprocal of the 360° pulse duration. This can be used to determine the limitations of the sweep width (SW) irradiated. For example, with a 90° hard pulse of 5 ]ls, one can observe a 50-kHz window a soft pulse of 50 ms irradiates a 5-Hz window. The primary requirements for rf transmitters are high power, fast switching, sharp pulses, variable power output, and accurate control of the phase. [Pg.401]

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) yields truly compatible blends with poly(vinyl acetate) up to 20% PEMA concentration (133). Synergistic improvement in material properties was observed. Poly(ethylene oxide) forms compatible homogeneous blends with poly(vinyl acetate) (134). The T of the blends and the crystaUizabiUty of the PEO depend on the composition. The miscibility window of poly(vinyl acetate) and its copolymers with alkyl acrylates can be broadened through the incorporation of acryUc acid as a third component (135). A description of compatible and incompatible blends of poly(vinyl acetate) and other copolymers has been compiled (136). Blends of poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers with urethanes can provide improved heat resistance to the product providing reduced creep rates in adhesives used for vinyl laminating (137). [Pg.467]


See other pages where Windowed observation is mentioned: [Pg.14]    [Pg.86]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.250]    [Pg.170]    [Pg.173]    [Pg.534]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.37]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.152]    [Pg.191]    [Pg.2713]    [Pg.217]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.86]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.250]    [Pg.170]    [Pg.173]    [Pg.534]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.37]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.152]    [Pg.191]    [Pg.2713]    [Pg.217]    [Pg.502]    [Pg.502]    [Pg.387]    [Pg.1708]    [Pg.1982]    [Pg.2268]    [Pg.2538]    [Pg.301]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.262]    [Pg.108]    [Pg.98]    [Pg.394]    [Pg.412]    [Pg.323]    [Pg.513]    [Pg.41]   
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