Whole cell sensors

Wall-jet detector, 88, 89, 162 Whole cell sensors, 182 Working electrodes, 2, 107... 

Simple or automated offline or online biodegradability tests can be performed by measuring CO2 or CH4 gas production or O2 consumption [13]. Biosensors may utilize either whole bacterial cells or enzymes to detect specific molecules of hazardous substances. Toxicity can be monitored specifically by whole-cell sensors whose bioluminescence may be inhibited by the... 

Itle L, Pishko M (2005) Multiphenotypic whole-cell sensor for viability screening. Anal Chem 77(24) 7887-7893... 

Dill K., Song J.H., Blomdahl J.A., Olson J.D., Rapid, sensitive and specific detection of whole cells and spores using the light-addressable potentiometric sensor, J. Biochem. Biophys. Meth. 1997 3 161-166. 

Immobilized whole cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens were used for the glucose sensor. The microbial sensor has been applied to the continuous determination of glucose in molasses. 

Figure 4. Immobilized whole cell-based flow-type sensor for cephalosporins. 1. Soda lime 2. Buffer reservoir 3. Peristaltic pump 4. Sample inlet 5. Immobilized whole cell reactor 6. Combined glass electrode 7. Sensing chamber 8. Amplifier 9. Recorder...

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of the nitrite sensor system. l.Air(28(Mj/ min) 2. Pump 3. Buffer (pH 2.0) 4. Sample solution> 5- Peristaltic pump 6. Pump 7. Valve 8. Incubator (30 C) 9. Microbial electrode 10. Waste 11. Amplifier 12. Recorder 13. Electrolyte (30% sodium hydroxide) 14. Teflon membrane 15. Buffer (pH 2.0) containing HCh gas 16. Immobilized whole cells 17. Gas permeable membrane ...

Sticher, P., Jaspers, M.C.M., Stemmier, K., Harms, H., Zehnder, A.J.B., and Van der Meer, J.R., Development and characterization of a whole-cell bioluminescent sensor for bioavailable middle-chain alkanes in contaminated groundwater samples, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63, 4053 1-060, 1997. 

There are practical difficulties in producing redox mediated whole cell biosensors that are reproducible within and between batches [53]. Models such as the one here can provide insights into the influence of various physical factors on the sensor outputs. Perturbations such as those described by the function if/ may be used to describe both stimulation and inhibition of these biosensors which are of importance in rapid toxicity assessment. 

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