Wheat structural components

Cellulose, the most abundant organic compound on earth, is the major structural component of the cell wall of higher plants [15], It is major component of cotton (95%), flax (80%), jute (60-70%) and wood (40-50%). Cellulose pulps can be obtained from maity agricultural byproducts such as sugarcane, sorghum bagasse, com stalks, and straws of rye, wheat, oats, and rice. 

Only the cysteine showed a deactivation of the catalyst however, its deactivation was not reversible (by water wash of the catalyst), a characteristic of the wheat-derived material (3). Therefore, we concluded that the cysteine deactivation was not analogous to the deactivation caused by wheat millfeed hydrolysates. Although cysteine is identified as a component of wheat protein structures, it is not likely to be found as cysteine in the hydrolysis products. More likely, it would be present as the bridged disulfide, cystine, following the oxidative reactions in the processing. 

Starch is the other carbohydrate-based feedstock. Approximately 10 Mt is produced annually from corn (maize), wheat and potato, out of a total agricultural production of 1.6 Gt a-1 carbohydrate equivalents. A minor fraction of starch is amylose, a linear a 1 ->4 polymer of glucose (Fig. 8.2b). The native structure of amylose is helical loose random coils are formed upon dissolution in water. The branched glucose polymer amylopectin is the major (approximately 75%) component of starch. 

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