Water moccasins

Viperidae) Water moccasins Copperheads Bush masters based Advanced delivery - hinged tubular fangs site, affects blood cells, hemorrhage, decreased blood pressure, shock... 

Snake bite (pit vipers) Antivenin (Crotalidae) polyvalent, equine The entire dose should be given within 4 hours after the bite by the IV or IM route (1 vial = 10 mL) Minimal envenomation 2-4 vials Moderate envenomation 5-9 vials Severe envenomation 10-15 vials Additional doses may be required. Neutralizes the venom of rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, water moccasins, and tropical and Asiatic crotalids. Serum sickness occurs in almost all patients who receive > 7 vials. 

Agistrodon Piscivorus Common Name(s) Cottonmouth, Water Moccasin... 

Snakes are amongst the most feared of aU creatures simply because a handful of species are lethal to humans. It is perhaps a forhmate quirk of evolution that snakes strike fear into us, because this means that we leave them alone. On the other hand some harmless snakes, for example the Common Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon) from north America, are killed because they look like dangerous species (in this case the dreaded Water Moccasin or Cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus)). This is an unfortimate quirk of evolution, because the Brown Water Snake has evolved to mimic the dangerous Water Moccasin in the hope of frightening away potential predators. The outcome, however, as far as humans are concerned, is quite the opposite. 

The highest L-amino acid oxidase activity is found in the venoms of a variety of snakes, the enzyme being present to the extent of up to 3% of dried, whole venom in some species. Crystalline enzymes (both flavoproteins) have been isolated from the venoms of water moccasin Ancistrodonpiscivorus) and rattle snake Crotalus adamanteus) and shown to be similar with respect to molecular weight (130,000) and flavin content (2 moles FAD/mole protein). The enzymes are not substrate-specific but are more active with the L-isomers of methionine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine than with other L-amino acids. The reactions catalysed by L-amino acid oxidase are formally the same as those discussed in section V.A (reactions 23-26) but, as is the case for the D-amino acid oxidase, the mechanism of... 

Water moccasin Agkistrodon piscivorus) 6 Heavy-bodied, dark brown or olive less prominent crossbands, most likety to challerige humans or animals Swanp livery and lakes across southeastern United States as far west as Texas... 

Chiszar, D., K.M. Scudder, L. Knight H.M. Smith. 1978. Exploratory behavior in prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) and water moccasins (Agkistrodon piscivorus). Psychol. Rec. 28 363-368. 

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