Water diagram

Figure 4. Measured excess enthalpies for the amphiphilic side of the n-butanol/water diagram at 55.0 °C compared to results from the literature.(14,16) (Symbols same as for Fig. 3.)...

Consider a column operating in region II of the MIPK-MEK-water diagram. Figure 13-82 shows me composition and temperature profiles for the column operating at three different ... 

McCabe Delta-L law, ciystallization, 533 calculation example, 534 McCabe-Thiele diagram, distillation, 381 Magnesium sulfate/water diagram, 526, 529... 

Figure 5.7 The distribution of intertidal sediments in (a) the Wash and b the Humber Estuary in relation to the main fresh water inputs. The intertidal in the Wash is at the distal end of canalised estuaries whereas the intertidal in the Humber tends to be marginal to the flow of water. Diagram not to scale.

Chemical (or Thermal) reaction, 11 Chloride, and its solvation by water, diagram-mated, 82 Cloud, central, 242 Cluster calculations, for water, 160... 

The structures contain channels in one, two, or three directions. When one channel intersects another, there may be a larger cage. The channels contain the alkali or alkaline earth metal cations (i.e., the exchangeable cations and water). Diagram 6.2690 shows the channels of ZSM-5. Structure 6.2791 is in zeolites X and Y. Each corner represents a silicon or aluminum atom. There is an oxygen atom on each line between them. I and II indicate where cations might be. 

CHqOH Figure 15.30 Salt-alcohol-water diagram. 

Figure 10.1 Eh"pH diagram, drawn at 25°C and activity of 10 "M, for iodine in a typicai Na K HCOs type water. Diagram produced using the thermo.com.V8.R6 + database in the Geochemist s Workbench (version 6.0).

Figure 7-5 Phase diagram of water (diagram not drawn to scale)...

The first, simple, type of quaternary system to be considered here consists of three solid solutes. A, B and C, and a liquid solvent, S. No chemical reaction takes place between any of the components, e.g. water and three salts with a common ion. The isothermal space model for this type of system can be constructed in the form of a tetrahedron Figure 4.29a) with the solvent at the top apex and the three solid solutes on the base triangle. The four triangular faces of the tetrahedron represent the four ternary systems A-B-C, A-B-S, A-C-S and B-C-S. The three faces, excluding the base, have the appearance of the two salts and water diagram shown in Figure 4.2L... 

Consider an ideal process to convert seawater to pure water, diagrammed in Figure 3.1. 

Real crystals are often not in the equilibrium state in aqueous surfactant mixtures. Sometimes, this is true simply because the equilibrium crystal is disordered. In other cases, a nonequilibrium situation exists because the crystal present is not the equilibrium coexisting phase [48]. If a crystal that is not the equilibrium phase is mixed with water, the solubility initially observed will typically be higher than the equilibrium solubility. An excellent illustration of this behavior is found in the sodium sulfate—water diagram (Fig. 5), where the equilibrium coexisting crystal below 32.4°C is the decahydrate (X Wio). A metastable heptahydrate crystal (X W,) also exists in this system, which can be seen from the diagram to be significantly more soluble and have a lower peritectic temperature (23.7 C) than the equilibrium decahydrate. 

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