War debts

Haber, like all of us, suffered disappointment and tragedy in his life. In the years after World War I, he devised a scheme to pay Germany s war debts by extracting gold from seawater. The project. 

Most of Maine and all of the North Woods were publicly owned and part of Massachusetts when the American Revolution ended. But in an experiment in privatization unrivaled before or since, the government of Massachusetts, followed by the leaders of the new state of Maine, decided to auction off not just a portion of the lands, as other states had done, but virtually all the public lands and forests. This served the dual purposes of paying off war debt from the revolution and encouraging homesteaders to settle in the sparsely populated territory, with its immense natural resources. 

The whole tone of US diplomacy merely convinced Saddam Hussein that the United States was likely to remain neutral whenever he sought to resolve his dispute with the Emir. Five days later Saddam launched 100,000 troops and 300 tanks into Kuwait, prompting Emir Jaber al Ahmad al Sabah and the bulk of his family to flee for safety. In vowing that the Iraqi aggression will not stand . President Bush was determined to deny Saddam the fruits of his conquest, including the cancellation of war debts, access to additional oil production capacity of 2 million barrels per day, over 100 billion-worth of assets, and vast oil reserves that... 

TJ refers to Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton s proposal (January 14, 1790) that the federal government assnme responsibility for funding (i.e. paying ofO the Revolntionary-era war debts of the several states. TJ vehemently but unsuccessfully opposed this scheme for the reasons given in vin.14 - Eis. 

Hamilton, Alexander (1755-1804) served as aide-de-camp to General Washington during the Revolution, co-authored The Federalist Papers, and served as first Secretary of the Treasury. A leading proponent of a strong central government, he proposed a plan for a National Bank and had the federal government assume and pay the Revolutionary War debts of the several states. He and Jefferson despised one another, albeit more for principled than personal reasons. He was killed in a duel with Aaron Burr, Jefferson s Vice-President. 

The costs to Britain of a long war were the loss of export markets, which were never wholly recovered, and a weakening of her financial power through the sale of overseas assets and the accumulation of debts. 

There were many reasons, some of them old, for the difficulties of France s chemical industry as illustrated by losses of 7 billion francs in seven years—4 billion francs in 1981 alone. Caught between increasingly heavy charges and price controls on the home market, France s chemical entrepreneurs never managed after the war to achieve sufficiently profitable margins. They ran up high debts to make up for their lack of funds, building up ever heavier financial costs. 

Though Crowfoot had made important contributions to science, at the end of the war her rank at Oxford was still only that of Tutor. Deeply in debt, she realised that most of her male colleagues had university positions as well as research appointments, so she asked Cyril Hinshelwood, Professor of Physical Chemistry,64 to help her acquire a better position. With his help, she was appointed as a University Lecturer and Demonstrator in 1946. 

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