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Volumetric jacket

The half-pipe jacket is used when high jacket pressures are required. The flow pattern of a liquid heat-transfer fluid can be controlled and designed for effective heat transfer. The dimple jacket offers structural advantages and is the most economical for high jacket pressures. The low volumetric capacity produces a fast response to temperature changes. [Pg.1052]

Fig. 3.2 shows the case of a jacketed, stirred-tank reactor, in which either heating by steam or cooling medium can be applied to the jacket. Here V is volume, Cp is specific heat capacity, p is density, Q is the rate of heat transfer, U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, A is the area for heat transfer, T is temperature, H is enthalpy of vapour, h is liquid enthalpy, F is volumetric flow... [Pg.132]

Here Fj is the volumetric flow of coolant to the jacket, Tjin is the inlet coolant temperature, and Tj is the jacket temperature. Under well-mixed conditions, Tj is identical to the temperature of the outlet flow. [Pg.134]

To remove the heat of reaction, a cooling jacket surrounds the reactor. Cooling water is added to the jacket at a volumetric flow rate Fj and with an... [Pg.46]

In most jacketed reactors or steam-heated reboilers the volume occupied by the steam is quite small compared to the volumetric flow rate of the steam vapor. Therefore the dymamic response of the jacket is usually very fast, and simple algebraic mass and energy balances can often be used. Steam flow rate is set equal to condensate flow rate, which is calculated by iteratively solving the heat-transfer relationship (Q = UA AT) and the valve flow equation for the pressure in the jacket and the condensate flow rate. [Pg.62]

In Figure 16, the variation of real part of eingenvalues vs. the volumetric flow rate inlet stream for xso, both R and R vector flelds, when X20, xso, X40 remain constant, are shown. It can be observed that these values do not differ very much. This means that the jacket s dynamics can be considered negligible. It is clear that from a certain value of X50 = Fq/Fos there is an eigenvalues with positive real part, and so the equilibrium point will be unstable. [Pg.270]

The reactor configuration might look as shown in Figure 6-15 for the jacketed reactor and with an internal cooling cod. ff is not constant, we have to solve an energy balance on the coolant along with the mass and energy balance on the reactor, where now the coolant has inlet temperature T o and outlet temperature and the coolant flows with volumetric flow rate ii(. and has contact area A, with the reactor. [Pg.260]

A two-stage double-acting compressor with water cooled cylinder jackets and intercooler is shown in Figure 7.18(c). Selected dimensional and performance data are in Table 7.7. Drives may be with steam cylinders, turbines, gas engines or electrical motors. A specification form is included in Appendix B. Efficiency data are discussed in Section 7.6, Theory and Calculations of Gas Compression Temperature Rise, Compression Ratio, Volumetric Efficiency. [Pg.149]

Heat removal is accomplished by internal cooling coils or wall jacket exchangers. Hydrodynamic regimes are complex, because of complicated flow patterns, prone to quick and dramatic changes. Usually a few overall parameters are considered, such as gas residence time and holdup, solid suspension, energy input, volumetric mass transfer coefficient (sec 3.2. [Pg.5]

Note that our model assumes a constant volumetric flow rate q in the reactor, as well a constant flow rate qj in the jacket. [Pg.427]

Djj and Dj0 are the inside and outside diameters of the jacket respectively. For this equation, De = Dj0 - Djp The Grashof number NGr = D3pg(3AtG/p2 were De is equivalent diameter, g is acceleration due to gravity, (3 is coefficient of volumetric expansion, p is viscosity, p is density, and AtG is the difference between the temperature at the wall and that in the bulk fluid. NGr must be calculated from fluid properties at the bulk temperature. [Pg.625]

Actual Values of Efficiencies.—Tests of piston compressors show extreme variations of mechanical efficiency from 76 to 97 per cent, with approximate averages for the more common sizes of 85 per cent. The true volumetric efficiency of piston air compressors will vary from 80 to 97 per cent, and the cylinder efficiency for water-jacketed compressors from 80 to 85 per cent. This will result in efficiencies of compression varying from 64 to 82 per cent. [Pg.170]

Example 22 Calculations for Batch Dryer For a 10-m batch of material containing 5000 kg dry solids and 30 percent moisture (dry basis), estimate the size of vacuum dryers required to contain the batch at 50 percent volumetric fill. Jacket temperature is 200°C, applied pressure is lOOmbar (0.1 bar), and the solvent is water (take latent heat as 2400 kj/kg). Assuming the heat-transfer coefficient based on the total surface area to be 50 W/(mr K) for all... [Pg.1391]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.430 ]




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