Volatility of demand

Pure molybdenum trioxide, a higher quality product, is in great demand with regard to chemicals and catalyst manufacturers, superalloy producers, and molybdenum metal producers. This refined quality oxide is produced by the volatilization of the technical grade... 

The characteristic exotic flavour of fruits from the tropics is one of the most attractive attributes to consumers. Nowadays, food industries are looking at how to use these volatiles to produce amazing new products that can accommodate this new demand. The following sections report some of the relevant research data on volatiles of some important tropical fruits. 

The volatility of year to year price is due to (i) small imbalances between acid demand and supply and (ii) the difficulty of storing large quantities of acid. The large increase in price after 2001 is due to China s increasing demand for fertilizer, hence sulfuric acid. 

Because its ubiquity, perhaps it is only a matter of time before a terrorist group successfully uses cyanide in an attack. It should be borne in mind, however, that a substantial amount of HCN is required to cause death in most humans. For example, approximately 2,500-5,000 mg-minute/m is estimated to be the median lethal concentration (Baskin Brewer, 1997), compared to 100 mg-minute/m for sarin nerve agent (Sidell, 1997). One should also expect that successful attacks employing HCN, like other volatile agents, demand large quantities of agent and enclosed spaces. Even under such... 

Producing hydrogen from coal is more capital intensive than producing it from natural gas. However, this approach deserves serious consideration because the costs of coal are lower and are likely to remain so even with significant increases in demand. Coal is domestically abundant, is secure in terms of delivery, and has never shown the market volatility of natural gas. 

Gas treatment also includes the recovery of various hydrocarbons associated with natural gas. There are several processes to achieve this goal lean gas absorption, various types of refrigeration, turboexpansion, and others. However, since there were certain disadvantages in these processes, there was need for a refined process which can eliminate some of these limitations to economically and efficiently recover the valuable hydrocarbons from natural gas. One of the major limitations of the conventional processes was the inflexibility to meet the market demand. A process called the Mehra Process has been patented to solve some of these problems [9], in which a physical solvent is used for the removal and recovery of only desirable hydrocarbons from the gas stream. Basically, this is an extraction process since the volatility of hydrocarbons is increased on contact with a physical solvent. The equipment used for this process are arranged in two different configurations extractive-flashing and extractive-stripping. 

Selenium is probably the furnace determination which most demands Zeeman correction STPF technology. Other methods are slow and prone to manipulative errors at the low concentrations that are typically of interest in biological materials. Nevertheless, the volatility of many Se compounds, especially organoselenium compounds, produces troubles. Both Fe and P cause severe overcorrection errors when Se is determined with continuum correction, making Zeeman correction mandatory for Se in biological materials. There are many papers in the literature that have not used Zeeman correction for Se but they rely on delicate timing of the thermal program so that Se is not volatilized at the same time as the interferent. The paper of Verlinden et al. (1981) on the MS determination of Se should be consulted. 

From market observation we know that index-linked bonds can experience considerable volatility in prices, similar to conventional bonds, and therefore, there is an element of volatility in the real yield return of these bonds. Traditional economic theory states that the level of real interest rates is cmistant however, in practice they do vary over time. In addition, there are liquidity and supply and demand factors that affect the market prices of index-linked bonds. In this chapter, we present analytical techniques that can be applied to index-linked bonds, the duration and volatility of index-linked bonds and the concept of the real interest rate term structure. Moreover, we show the valuation of inflation-linked bonds with different cash flow structures and embedded options. 

Presumably possible increase of prices can be kept small if the increase in the demand (concerning bioenergy) corresponds with the increase of supply (due to land areas no longer needed for food and fodder production). The speed of the expansion of the use of bioenergy within the energy system therefore should be oriented at the technical and organizational possibilities for the expansion of the biomass production internationally it might be essential for the volatility of the markets. 

The fashion retail business is characterized by short product life cycles, volatile customer demands and tremendous product varieties. Most fashion items are of strong seasonality. Uncertain customer demands in a frequently changing market envirorunent and nitmerous explanatory variables that influence fashion sales caitse an increase in irregularity or randomicity of sales data. Such distinct characteristics increase the complexity of sales forecasting in the fashion retail industry. For most fashion products, market demand is rmcertain until the selling season has started. When the actual demand deviates from the forecast, fashion retailers may not have time to respond to changes. Stock outages may occur for certain styles or sizes of fashion products and thus affect the profitability for fashion retailers. 

Supply chains made hastily will fail. They are unequal to the test of demand volatility. They cannot meet the challenges of global risk management or the pressure to produce new products quickly to enter a new market. It is only when the supply chain is made of the right bricks that it can maximize opportunity and weather market-to-market volatility. 

Like the story of the three little pigs, supply chain leaders wanted to build supply chains that could withstand the winds of demand volatility or the pressure of supply disruption. These supply chains were built to sense outside-in and change the supply chain response based on market conditions. Supply chain leaders that built resilient supply... 

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