Vitis spp

Langcake P. 1981. Disease resistance of Vitis spp. and the production of the stress metabolites resveratrol, -viniferin, a-viniferin and pterostilbene. Physiol Plant Pathol 18 213-226. 

In Vitis spp., fran -resveratrol is accumulated in vine leaves and grape skin in response to various fungal organisms, UV radiation or chemicals. 

De la Cruz AA, Hilbert G, Riviere C, Mengin V, Ollat N, Bordenave L, Decroocq S, Delaunay J-C, Detot S, Merillon J-M, Monti J-P, Gomes E, Richard T (2012) Anthocyanin identification and composition of wild Vitis spp. accessions by using LC-MS and LC-NMR. Anal Chim Acta 732 145-152... 

Those Haslam noted of Type (ii) include Vitis spp., Sorghum spp., and Vac-cinium oxycoccus. Further studies on the grape show that the leaves have a Type (i) polymer, and the Type (ii) are widespread in the Leguminosae - in Vida sativa, Lotus spp., Trifolium arvense, and Onobrychis vidifolia (36). Others include Vacdnium, Photinia spp, and Chaenomeles spedosa (L. J. Porter, unpublished results) and also apparently is almost the universal type in conifer barks (Pinus, Podocarpus, Pseudotsuga) (66, L. J. Porter, unpublished results). 

Important phenolic acids, dealt with in Sec- Tartaric acid biosynthesis in Vitis spp. starts tion 18.1.2.5.1, are quinic, caffeic, chlorogenic from glucose or fructose and probably proceeds... 

Chars Bark chars (such as from Betula spp., Swedish black , and Quercus suberioccidentalis spp., cork black ), fruitstone chars, paper chars, wood chars (such as from Vitis spp., Vine black , etndFagus spp., beech black ). 

Vine black may refer to a char of woody material from vines (Vitis spp.), but has been historically appHed to chars and cokes of a wide range of other materials such as yeasts and, as Winter (1983, citing the third edition of Mayer s The Artists Handbook of Materials and Techniques, 1970) puts it, various second-rate materials of vegetable, animal and petroleum origins . Tingry (1804), however, states that this does in fact come from burnt vine twigs. 

Carbon Chars Wood chars From Vitis spp. Winter (1983) ... 

DouiUet-Breuil, A.C. et al.. Changes in the phytoalexin content of various Vitis spp. in response to ultraviolet C ehcitation, J. Agric. Food Chem., Al, 4456, 1999. 

Ellis, R.H., Hong, T.D., Roberts, E.H., 1983. A note on the development of a practical procednre for promoting the germination of dormant seed of grape (Vitis spp.). Vitis 22, 211-219. 

Moreira,E.M.,Madini, A.,Marino,R.,Zulini,L.,Stefanini,M.,Velasco,R.,Kozma,P.,Grando,M.S., 2011. Genetic linkage maps of two interspecific grape crosses (Vitis spp.) used to locahze quantitative trait loci for downy mildew resistance. Tree Genet. Genomes 7, 153-167. http //dx.doi.org/10.1007/sl 1295-010-0322-x. 

According to Galet (1988), the origin of Seibel 13666 is Seibel 5455 x Seibel 6468 with the representation of particular Vitis spp. Seibel 13666... 

Cadle-Davidson, L., Chicoine, D.R., Consolie, N.H., 2011. Variation within and among Vitis spp. for foliar resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe necator. Plant Dis. 95, 202-211. 

IPGRI, 1997. Descriptors for Grapevine Vitis spp. IPGRI, UPOV, OIV, Paris. 

Reynolds, A.G., Euleki, T., Evans, W.D., 1982. Inheritance of methyl anthranUate and total volatile esters in Vitis spp. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 33, 14—19. 

Fomeck, A., Walker, M.A., Merkt, N., 1996. Aseptic dual culture of grape (Vitis spp.) and grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch). Vitis 35, 95-98. 

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