Vitamin pharmacological activity

Vitamin K content of enteral nutrition formulas may affect pharmacological activity. Monitor and titrate dose to maintain therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR)... 

EN formulas contain vitamin K, which can antagonize the pharmacologic activity of warfarin. The vitamin K content of EN formulas generally has been adjusted down over the past... 

Benzimidazole is an important heterocyclic nucleus in the field of medicinal chemistry. The most prominent benzimidazole compound in nature is N-ribosyldimethylbenzimidazole, which serves as an axial ligand for cobalt in vitamin B12. The versatile nature of benzimidazole makes it a highly explored molecule in medicinal chemistry. A number of pharmacological activities are associated with benzimidazole derivatives such as anthelmintic, antiulcer, antipsychotic, proton pump inhibitor, antianxiety, anti-emetic and sedative, vasodilator, anticancer, analgesic, antihistaminic, antifungal, antiviral and antimicrobial. 

The conducted experiments confirm the h)q5othesis that topically applied vitamin A is taken up fast into deeper cell layers and exerts pharmacological activity on mucous membranes. For the first time, we evidently demonstrated that squamous epithelial changes induced by vitamin A deficiency of OVX-rats are totally reversed in to a fully healthy... 

Microbial metabolites contribute to the list of products as well, such as with fermentations to such major products as ethanol, acetic acid, n-butanol, or lactic acid key growth factors such as amino acids or vitamins or pharmacologically active compounds such as antibiotics, steroids, or alkaloids. Pharmacologically active agents are generally catagorized as secondary metabolites, which most often implies production in the stationary (non-growth-associated) phase of fermentation (Chap-... 

Fermentation in its simplest forms, such as the production of bread or wine, is very old technology. In its application with recombinant DNA to produce pharmacologically active proteins (erythropoetin, human growth hormone, human insulin), it is central to the modem biotechnological revolution. In between, it is the method for production of antibiotics and vitamin B12 and provides a step in the production of vitamin C and the synthesis of cortisone from diosgenin. 

The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of warfarin, conpled with its narrow therapentic index, predispose this agent to numerons clinically important food and drug interactions (see Tables 19-12, 19-13, and 19-14). Vitamin K can reverse warfarin s pharmacologic activity, and many foods contain sufficient... 

Other than the so-called nutrients such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins etc., secondary metabolites in food materials play important roles as fragrances, spices, sweeteners, pigments and so on. Recently, phytochemicals in food materials have attracted much attention in pharmacological activities of diets and beverages. Now, some topics of biologically active glycosides in food materials are reviewed. 

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