Viral macrophage inflammatory protein

Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (CXCL2/GROP) Viral macrophage inflammatory protein-2... 

Shan L. Identification of viral macrophage inflammatory protein (vMIP)-II as a ligand for GPR5/ XCRl. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000 268(3) 938-41. 

Sozzani S, Luini W, Bianchi G, et al. The viral chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-II is a selective Th2 chemoattractant. Blood 1998 92 4036-9. 

Sozzani, S., Luini, W., Bianchi, G., Allavena, P., Wells, T.N.C., Napoli-tano, M., Bemardini, G., Vecchi, A., D Ambrosio, D., Mazzeo, D., Sinigaglia, F., Santoni, A., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S., Mantovani, A., 1998c. The viral chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-II is a selective Th2 chemoattractant. Blood 92, 4036-4039. 

Microscopic investigation of the mice from group I revealed the presence of vessel congestion, small numerous intralobular and perivenular infiltrates, moderate focal protein-hydropic degeneration combined with polymorphism of hepatocyte nuclei and inconstant lymphoid infiltration of portal tracts. Marked activation of histiomacrophage elements — hepatic macrophages must be emphasized. Homotypic moderate inflammatory alterations remained in the liver on Days 3, 5, 7 and 10. The presence of inflammatory mononuclear infiltration in the walls of central veins, typical for a viral infection, reflects a massive lesion of the vascular... 

The limitations of the primate or cat models of human HIV-1 CNS infection include the costs, special facility requirements, the necessity of using mixtures of viral strains (in order to develop reproducible CNS infection), and the relatively small numbers of animals studied that preclude meaningful statistical analyses. These obstacles have urged researchers to develop small animal models. Several rodent models were established including transgenic mice (expressing viral proteins or relevant inflammatory factors seen in HAD), mice infected primarily with murine retroviruses, or severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice inoculated intracerebrally with human HIV-1 infected macrophages and reconstituted with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). 

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