Vinals

Lebon et al., 1996] Lebon, F., Vinals, C., Feytmans, E., and Durant, F. Computational drug design of new HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Arch. Phys. Biochem. 104 (1996) B44. 

Vinal fibers, or poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers, are not made in the United States, but the fiber is produced commercially in Japan, Korea, and China where the generic name vinylon is used. These materials are the subject of this article (see also Vinyl polymers, vinyl alcohol polymers). 

G. W. Vinal, Storage Batteries, 4th ed., John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1955. 

G.W. Vinal, Primary Batteries, John Wiley, New York, 1950, p. 20. 

Values taken from S. Glasstone. Thermodynamics for Chemists. D. Van Nostrand Company Inc., Toronto, p. 443 (1947). The values tabulated in this reference were taken from D. N. Craig and G. W. Vinal, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand.. Thermodynamic Properties of Sulfuric Acid Solutions and Their Relation to the Electromotive Force and Heat of Reaction of the Lead Storage Battery", 24, 475-490 (1940). More recent values at the higher molality can be found in W. F. Giauque. E. W. Hornung. J. E. Kunzler and T. R. Rubin, The Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Solutions and Hydrates from 15 to 300° K", J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 82, 62-70 (1960). 

Vinals, J. Nunez, C. Herreros, O. Kinetics of the aqueous chlorination of gold in suspended particles. Hydrometallurgy 1995, 38, 125-148. 

Herreros, O. Quiroz, R. Manzano, E. Bou, C. Vinals, J. Copper extraction from reverberatory and flash furnace slags by chlorine leaching. Hydrometallurgy 1998, 49, 87-101. 

Polyethylene/polypropylene-polyolefm olefin Vinylal vinal... 

R. S. Vinal, Thesis, Cornell Univ., Univ. Microfilms, Order No. 65-6987 Dissertation Abstr., 1965, 26, 686. 

Refs l)G.W.Vinal,"Srorage Batteries, Wiley, NY(1940) 2)G.W.Jones et al, USBurMines Tech Paper 6l2,pp 1—10(1940) CA 34, 8284(1940)(Danger of explosion in storage battery rooms due to evolution of hydrogen and formation of explosive mixtures with air) 3 )J. Re illy W.N.Rae "Physico-Chemical Methods Van No strand, NY( 1943), pp 228—36 4)Kirk Othmer 2(1948),pp 340—60 under Batteries (17 refs) 5)Perry(l950),pp 1792—3... 

Kirwan JF, Tsaloumas MD, Vinall H, Prior P, Kritzinger EE, Dodson PM. Sex hormone preparations and retinal vein occlusion. Eye 1997 ll(Pt l) 53-6. 

Homologs subtilisin in B. subtilis, S. carlsberg, B. liquifaciens M LE and M R in Pseudomonas putida D-lactate DH and FDH in yeast v.d. Osten, 1993 Hasson, 1998 Vinals, 1995... 

C. Vinals, X. De Bolle, E. Depiereux, and E. Feytmans, Knowledge-based modeling of the D-lactate dehydrogenase three-dimensional structure, Proteins 1995, 21, 307-318. 

Vinal, G. W., Primary Batteries, Wiley, New York 1950, Chap. 6. 

Verdugo P. (1990). Goblet cells secretion and mucogenesis. Annu Rev Physiol 52, 157-176 Verdugo P. (1991). Mucin exocytosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 144, S33-S37 Vinall L.E., Pratt W.S. and Swallow D.M. (2000). Detection of mucin gene polymorphism. Methods Mol Biol 125, 337-350... 

Another vinyl-based fiber, polyvinyl alcohol, or vinal, was developed in Japan but has not been produced or used in the United States. As such, it illustrates the importance of both relative availability of raw materials and differences in markets, in the success of a chemical product. Acetylene made from calcium carbide is converted to vinyl acetate, which, following polymerization, is saponified to polyvinyl alcohol. 

The nickel(0) compound can be prepared by the method of Vinal and Reynolds.1 Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate (5.0 g., 0.021 mole) is dissolved in 100 ml. of methanol contained in a 250-ml. round-bottomed flask. A stirring bar is placed in the flask, and it is put in an ice-water bath standing on a magnetic stirrer. The solution is allowed to cool with stirring for 10 minutes, and 18 ml. of triethyl phosphite are then added over a... 

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