Vibrio alginolyticus

Vibrio alginolyticus Pufferfish (Fugp vermicularis vermicularis) 32, 34... 

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Vibrio alginolyticus) and a single anaerobic sporeformer,... 

The field studies will focus on the formation and distribution of H202 in a wide range of lakes compared with that obtained in an estuarine system, the Chesapeake Bay. Laboratory studies on the decomposition of H202 in natural waters, filtered natural waters (using various size filters), and waters with pure cultures of two bacteria [Vibrio alginolyticus, a common estuarine bacterium (59, 60), and Enterohacter cloacae, a common freshwater bacterium] will clarify the role of bacteria in the decay processes. 

Pure Culture Studies. Two bacteria were cultured to study the decomposition of H202, Vibrio alginolyticus and Enterobacter cloacae. V. alginolyticus was selected because it is an extremely common inhabitant of environments like the Chesapeake Bay. Vibrios may provide up to 50% of the culturable bacterial species in the bay (60). E. cloacae was studied because it is commonly found in freshwater environments (94). 

Table III. Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition by a Marine Bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus Culture...

Vibrio alginolyticus acrylate, glycolate, dimethyl sulfide 53... 

Sjoblad, R. D. and Mitchell, J., Chemotactic responses of Vibrio alginolyticus to algal extracellular products, Can. J. Microbiol., 25, 964, 1979. 

Zymomonas mobilis Streptococcus mutans Vibrio alginolyticus... 

E. coU cells in a capillary tube can also be powered by an external voltage. In alkalophilic strains of Bacillus and some Vibrio species a sodium ion gradient will substitute. Several hundred protons or Na+ ions must pass through the motor per revolution. Some estimates, based on energy balance, are over 1000. However, Na+-dependent rotation at velocities of up to 1700 Hz has been reported for the polar flagellum of Vibrio alginolyticus. It is difficult to understand how the bacterium could support the flow of 1000 Na+ per revolution to drive the flagellum. ... 

The fatty acid 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid (7) is the short-chain analog of 6 which was first identified, in trace amounts, in the marine bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus [21]. Both acids might share a similar biogenesis inasmuch as 7 was postulated to arise from the S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) methylation of (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid, another acid... 

A novel two carbon analog of 8, namely the 7-methyl-6(Z)-octadecenoic acid was recently identified in the holothurian Holothuria mexicana [27]. However, both Z and E stereoisomers were later shown to originate from the bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus [27]. Therefore, the real source of 7-methyl-6-octadecenoic acid is also bacterial. Both Z and E isomers of 7-methyl-6-octadecenoic acid were synthesized as shown in Fig. (9). In this short synthesis (little more than one step) a Wittig coupling of (6-carboxyhexyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide with 2-tridecanone readily afforded a 1 1 mixture of 7-methyl-6(Z)-octadecenoic... 

In 1987, Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from the starfish A. polyacanthus and puffer T. snyderi contained TTX (Narita et al., 1987 Noguchi et al., 1987). In the study of Noguchi et al. (1987), 26 of 33 strains of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria that were isolated from the puffer were found to belong to genera of Vibrio. By instrumental analysis, TTX was detected in all strains of V. alginolyticus. 

Narita, H., Matsubara, S., Miwa, N., Akahane, S., Murakami, M., Got, T., Nara, M., Noguchi, T., Saito, T., Shida, Y., and Hashimoto, K. 1987. Vibrio alginolyticus, a TTX-producing bacterium isolated from the starfish Astropecten polyacanthus. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 53, 617-621. Nishikawa, T., Asai, M., Ohyabu, N., Yamamoto, N., and Isobe, M. 1999. Stereo-controlled synthesis of 5,11-dideoxytetrodotoxin. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 38, 3081-3084. 

Atsumi, T., McCarter, L. and Imae, Y. (1992). Polar and lateral flagellar motors of marine Vibrio are driven by different ion-motive forces. Nature 355, 182—184. Atsumi, T., Maekawa, Y., Yamada, T., Kawagishi, I., Imae, Y. and Homma, M. (1996). Effect of viscosity on swimming by the lateral and polar flagella of Vibrio alginolyticus. J. Bacterial. 178,5024 -5026. 

Sar, N., McCarter, L., Simon, M. and Silverman, M. (1990). Chemotactic control of the two flagellar systems otVibrio parahaemolyticus.J. Bacteriol. 172, 334 -341. Sato, K. and Homma, M. (2000). Functional reconstitution of the Na+-diiven polar flagellar motor component of Vibrio alginolyticus. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 5718-5722. 

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