Vibration mixer-mill

A mixture of aldehyde 1 (0.5 mmol), malononitrile (0.5 mmol) and Hantzch 1,4-dihydropyridine 2 (0.51 mmol) was introduced, together with a stainless ball of 7.0 mm diameter, into a stainless steel jar (5 mL). The same mixture vessels were also introduced into a second, parallel jar. The two reaction vessels were closed and fixed on the vibration arms of a ball-milling apparatus (Retsch MM200 mixer mill, Retsch GmbH, Haan, Germany) and vibrated vigorously at a rate of 1800 rpm (30 Hz) at room temperature for 90 min. 

Colloid milling is instead based on a high speed rotor/stator system, in which the processed material is grinded, dispersed, or emulsified as a consequence of its exposure to intense shear stresses, friction, and high frequency vibrations. Colloid mills are constituted by smooth or toothed rotors and stators, gear-rim dispersion machines, and intensive mixers. ... 

A) A home-built high-speed vibration mill and (B) the interior of the mill. The grinding jar is inserted into the tilted metal tubing in front. (By courtesy of Prof. Yasujiro Murata, Kyoto University.) (C) In HSVM the jar oscillates in different planes as opposed to mixer mills. 

With hafQes Horizontal drum Double cone revolving around long axis Twin shell Ciihe Twin rotor Tiirhine Paddle mixer Sifter (tiirhosifter) Attrition mill Elevator loading Pneumatic conveying Vibrating... 

Computational mechanics, and in particular the DE method, may be successfully used to analyze a wide range of operations involving powders and granular materials. Of particular relevance in a pharmaceutical context are applications related to flow of powders in hoppers (66), fluidized beds (67), and mixers (68,69). The method has been applied in the analysis of ball mills (70) and may be used to look more deeply into certain processes such as vibration-induced size segregation of granular materials (71) and packing (72). 

---