Vertical growth phase

Straume O, Sviland L, Akslen LA. Loss of nuclear pl6 protein expression correlates with increased ttrmor proliferation (Ki-67) and poor prognosis in patients with vertical growth phase melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 6 1845-1853. 

Kaleem Z, Lind AG, Htrmphrey PA, et al. Gonctrrrent Ki-67 and p53 immunolabeling in cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms an adjunct for recognition of the vertical growth phase in malignant melanomas Mod Pathol. 2000 13 217-222. 

Since in the initial growth phases of a buoyant plume the plume is nearly symmetrical about its centerline, the buoyancy-induced dispersion in the crosswind (horizontal) direction is assumed to be equal to that in the vertical. Thus, the effective horizontal dispersion is found from... 

Typical kinetic profiles (hybridoma). (A) Cell concentration and viability (B) glucose consumption (GLC) and lactate production (LAC) (C) monoclonal antibody production (mAb) (D) glutamine consumption (GLN) and ammonium production (NH4+) (E) specific growth rate (px) (F) alanine (ALA) and glycine (GLY) production. Adapted from Lee (2003). Symbols correspond to the experimental data and the lines to the manual curve fitting. Vertical lines indicate the instant at which exponential growth phase ended (gx < Px.max)-... 

Fig. 1. Batch growth and antibody production of Nicotiana tabacum (BY-1) cells in terms of pg 1 1 protein, wet cell concentrations, and dry cell concentrations. Dashed vertical lines represent the boundaries between lag, exponential, and stationary growth phases. The 4-day offset between peak concentrations for biomass and protein product indicates that growth and product formation are not directly linked...

Skin repair after a peel to the reticular dermis is slower, as all the basal layer keratinocytes have been destroyed and the skin can only rely on the differentiated keratinocytes of the pilosebaceous units and the intradermal excretory ducts of the sweat glands. To repair the dermis, the sebocytes in the pilosebaceous units must dedifferentiate, and horizontal growth is required to close the skin quickly. Next comes a phase of vertical growth whose purpose is to regenerate a physiologically sound epidermis that will maintain homeostasis and restore the vital barrier function after the keratinocytes have differentiated into corneocytes. 

In the subsequent growth phase, the film accumulates further CH -units to keep expanding from the nucleus. It can grow laterally as well as vertically until a closed... 

The plants pass from the vegetative to the reproductive phase when the day length falls below 12.5 h. Vertical growth then ceases and cambial activity declines. The production of cell bundles is much reduced, but, at the same time, the secondary fiber cells begin to mature... 

Three-phase fluidized bed reactors are used for the treatment of heavy petroleum fractions at 350 to 600°C (662 to 1,112°F) and 200 atm (2,940 psi). A biological treatment process (Dorr-Oliver Hy-Flo) employs a vertical column filled with sand on which bacderial growth takes place while waste liquid and air are charged. A large interfacial area for reaction is provided, about 33 cmVcm (84 inVirr), so that an 85 to 90 percent BOD removal in 15 min is claimed compared with 6 to 8 h in conventional units. 

Figure 9. Streamlines (top) and relative gas phase composition of A1 species (bottom) In a vertical axlsymmetrlc reactor at five different times during growth of an AlAs/GaAs superlattice. Red corresponds to all A1 species, violet to no A1 species. The corner Insert portrays the variation In solid fraction of A1 across the Interface. Buoyancy dominated flow.

D.I. Fotiadis, S. Kieda, and K.F. Jensen. Transport Phenomena in Vertical Reactors for Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy I. Effects of Heat Transfer Characteristics, Reactor Geometry, and Operating Conditions. J. Cryst. Growth, 102 441—470,1990. 

For continuation of mineral growth in the vertical direction, a CP has to be secreted and for reasons of conformation a phase shift is introduced. This may account for the brick-wall pattern in pelecypod or the zig-zag-pattern in stacks of gastropod nacre. Structures of this type resemble clay minerals, which are also capable of incorporating structural water between metal ion polyhedra. 

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