Verongia aerophoba

Cimino, G., De Rosa, S., De Stefano, S., Self, R., and Sodano, G. (1983). The bromo-compounds of the true sponge Verongia aerophoba. Tetrahedron Lett. 24, 3029-3032. 

Aydogmus Z, Ersoy N, Imre S (1999) Chemical Investigation of the Sponge Verongia aerophoba. Turk J Chem 23 339... 

Ogamino T, Nishiyama S (2003) A New Ring-Opening Access to Aeroplysinin-1, a Secondary Metabolite of Verongia aerophoba. Tetrahedron 59 9419... 

Teeyapant R, Proksch P (1993) Biotransformation of Brominated Compounds in the Marine Sponge Verongia aerophoba — Evidence for an Induced Chemical Defense Naturwissenschaften 80 369... 

Weiss B, Ebel R, Elbrachter M, Kirchner M, Proksch P (1996) Defense Metabolites from the Marine Sponge Verongia aerophoba. Biochem Syst Ecol 24 1... 

Teeyapant R, Woerdenbag HJ, Kreis P, Hacker J, Wray V, Witte L, Proksch P (1993) Antibiotic and Cytotoxic Activity of Brominated Compounds from the Marine Sponge Verongia aerophoba. Z Naturforsch 48c 939... 

Teeyapant, R. and Proksch, P., Biotransformation of brominated compounds in the marine sponge Verongia aerophoba — evidence for an induced chemical defense, Naturwissenschaften, 80,369,1993. 

Weiss, B., Elbraechter, M., Kirchner, M., and Proksch, P., Defense metabolites from the marine sponge Verongia aerophoba, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 24, 1, 1996. 

De Rosa, M., Minale, L., and Sodano, G., Metabolism in porifera. I. Some studies on the biosynthesis of fatty acids, sterols and bromo compounds by the sponge Verongia aerophoba, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 45B, 883, 1973. 

C Acetate, 119-120° solvent Chf PMR, Mass Spec organism Aplysina (or Verongia) aerophoba (Porifera) reference 110... 

Nucleophilic. In view of the ability of epoxides to become hydrated to the diol under aqueous alkaline conditions, the analogous addition of water to epoxides by enzymes will be considered in this section. The en mes responsible for epoxide hydration (epoxide hydrases) in animal liver systems have been purified, assayed using [7- H]styrene oxide,and tested for substrate and inhibitor -ass specificity. The current interest in these epoxide hydrases is mainly due to their close association with aryl monooxygenase enzymes and thus the total metabolism of olefinic and arene substrates via epoxides) in animals. The isolation of the antibacterial compounds aeroplysinin-1 (358) and aeroplysinin-2 (359) from the sponge Verongia aerophoba might be explained by the initial enzymatic formation of the unstable arene oxide (357), which can subsequently be hydrated by an epoxide hydrase enzyme, to form what the authors consider... 

Additional aromatic bromotyrosine derivatives, 35-41, were isolated from Psammaplysilla purpurea, Verongia aerophoba, V. archeri, and Pseudoceratina crassa, respectively 28-33). 

Quite surprisingly, the first attempt to demonstrate the conversion of tyrosine into bromotyrosine derivatives was unsuccessful (175). In that experiment, Verongia aerophoba failed to incorporate radioactivity from U- " C -L-tyrosine into aerothionin (68), aeroplysinin-1 (14) and the dienone 1. Inactive aerothionin (68) was also isolated when the sponge was fed with U- C -L-ornithine and CH3- C methionine. However, the sponge utihzed these amino acids for the synthesis of fatty acids. A very slow rate of biosynthesis might account for these results. 

A fuller analysis of the minor sterols from Verongia aerophoba [70% of its total sterol content is due to aplysterol (179) and 24,28-didehydro-... 

The aqueous residue of the extracts of Verongia aerophoba yielded large amounts (2.5% of the dry animal) of a strongly fluorescent compound which was shown to be 3,4-dihydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylie acid (216) 76). This quinoline derivative, probably related to tryptophan metabolism, was not previously known as a natural product. 

CzEczuGA, B. Investigations of carotenoids in some fauna of the Adriatic Sea. 1. Verongia aerophoba (Porifera Spongidae). Marine Biology 10, 254 (1971). 

De Luca, P., M. De Rosa, L. Minale, and G. Sodano Marine Sterrols with a new Pattern of side-chain alkylation from the Sponge Aplysina =Verongia) aerophoba. J. C. S. Perkin 1,1972,2132. 

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